I'm trying to implement a PIC32 MCU as a Audio device, using USB audio class 1.
I have implementet this project: PIC32 USB Digital Audio Accesory Board Demos.zip
and it works fine, but now i want to cut away some of the Audio Control Interface, so i'm having a more simple Audio function:
The device seems to get enumerated properly acording to the status LED's on the board, and it appears in Device Manager's list of audio devices, but it has a small yellow exclamation mark.. And when i plug in the device, windows tells me: "Device driver software was not succesfully installed"
Anybody has a clue?
USB descriptors, block of code:
ROM BYTE configDescriptor1[] ={
//CD
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x02, // Configuration Descriptor (0x02)
//0xE4, // Total length in bytes of data returned Includes the combined length of all descriptors (configuration, interface, endpoint, and class- or vendor-specific) returned for this configuration.
0xB4, // Ved simpel Audio Function
0x00, // 2. Byte af Total Length // 228
0x03, // Number of Interfaces: 3
0x01, // bConfigurationValue, Value to use as an argument to select this configuration
0x00, // iConfiguration, Index of String Descriptor describing this configuration
_DEFAULT | _SELF, // bmAttributes, 0b01100000 -> D6: Self-powered, D7: Reserved (set to one)
0xFA, // Maximum Power : 250 * 2mA = 0,5A
//ID - INTERFACE 0 Control
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x04, // Interface Descriptor (0x04)
0x00, // Number of Interface: Interface nr 0
0x00, // Value used to select alternative setting
0x00, // Number of Endpoints used for this interface, 0
0x01, // Class Code (Assigned by USB Org), AUDIO
0x01, // Subclass Code (Assigned by USB Org), AUDIOCONTROL
0x00, // Protocol Code (Assigned by USB Org)
0x00, // Index of String Descriptor Describing this interface
//ACID - HEADER
0x0A, // Size : 10 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x01, // HEADER descriptor subtype
0x00,0x01, // Audio Device compliant to the USB Audio specification version 1.00
//0x64,0x00, // 100 bytes - Total number of bytes returned for the class-specific AudioControl interface descriptor. // Includes the combined length of this descriptor header and all Unit and Terminal descriptors.
0x00,0x34, // wTotalLength
0x02, // bInCollection -> Number of streaming interfaces = 2
0x01, // baInterfaceNr(1) -> 0x01 = 1 -> Interface number of the first AudioStreaming interface in the Collection
0x02, // baInterfaceNr(2) -> 0x02 = 2 -> Interface number of the second AudioStreaming interface in the Collection
//ACID - INPUT_TERMINAL ID = 1
0x0C, // size : 12 bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x02, // INPUT_TERMINAL - Descriptor subtype = 2
0x01, // ID of this Input Terminal. // Constant uniquely identifying the Terminal within the audio function.
0x01,0x01, // wTerminalType -> 0x0101 = USB streamming
0x00, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x00 = No association.
//0x03, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x03 = Associated with OUTPUT TERMINAL 3
0x02, // bNrChannels -> 0x02 two channel.
0x03,0x00, // wChannelConfig -> 0x0003 = stereo, Right / Left // se Audio Devices Dok side 34
//0x00,0x00, // wChannelConfig -> 0x0000 = mono ?
0x00, // iChannelNames -> 0x00 = Unused.
0x00, // iTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused.
//ACID - INPUT_TERMINAL ID = 4
0x0C, // size : 12 bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x02, // INPUT_TERMINAL - Descriptor subtype
0x04, // bTerminalID -> ID of this Input Terminal = 4
0x01,0x02, // wTerminalType -> 0x0201 = Microphone
0x00, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x00 = No association.
//0x06, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x06 = Associated with OUTPUT TERMINAL 6
0x01, // bNrChannels -> 0x01 one channel.
0x01,0x00, // wChannelConfig -> Left Front <- original fra ex.
//0x00,0x00, // wChannelConfig -> 0x0000 = mono
0x00, // iChannelNames -> 0x00 = Unused.
0x00, // iTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused.
//ACID - OUTPUT_TERMINAL ID = 3
0x09, // size : 9 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x03, // OUTPUT_TERMINAL - Descriptor subtype
0x03, // bTerminalID -> ID of this Output Terminal = 3
0x01,0x03, // wTerminalType -> 0x0301 = Speaker
0x00, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused
//0x01, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x01 = Associated with INPUT TERMINAL 1
//0x02, // bSourceID -> 0x02 = From FEATURE_UNIT ID 2 = USB stream
0x01, // bSourceID -> 0x01 = From Input Terminal ID 1
0x00, // iTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused.
//ACID - OUTPUT_TERMINAL ID = 6
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x03, // OUTPUT_TERMINAL - Descriptor subtype
0x06, // bTerminalID -> ID of this Output Terminal = 6
0x01,0x01, // wTerminalType -> 0x0101 = USB streaming
0x00, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused
//0x04, // bAssocTerminal -> 0x04 = Associated with INPUT TERMINAL 4
//0x09, // bSourceID -> 0x09 = From Selector Unit ID 9
0x04, // bSourceID -> 0x04 = From INPUT_TERMINAL ID 4
0x00, // iTerminal -> 0x00 = Unused.
/* ##### INTERFACE 1 - OUT ##### */
//ID - INTERFACE 1/0 Stream
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x04, // Interface Descriptor (0x04)
0x01, // bInterfaceNumber -> 0x01 Interface ID = 1 Number of this interface. Zero-based value identifying the index in the array of concurrent interfaces supported by this configuration.
0x00, // bAlternateSetting -> 0x00 = index of this interface's alternate setting
0x00, // bNumEndpoints -> 0x00 = 0 Endpoints to this interface
0x01, // bInterfaceClass -> 0x01 = Audio Interface
0x02, // bInterfaceSubclass -> 0x02 = AUDIO_STREAMING
0x00, // bInterfaceProtocol -> 0x00 = Unused
0x00, // iInterface -> 0x00 = Unused
//ID - INTERFACE 1/1 Stream
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x04, // Interface Descriptor (0x04)
0x01, // bInterfaceNumber -> 0x01 Interface ID = 1
0x01, // bAlternateSetting -> 0x01 = index of this interface's alternate setting
0x01, // bNumEndpoints -> 0x01 = 1 Endpoints to this interface
0x01, // bInterfaceClass -> 0x01 = Audio Interface
0x02, // bInterfaceSubclass -> 0x02 = AUDIO_STREAMING
0x00, // bInterfaceProtocol -> 0x00 = Unused
0x00, // iInterface -> 0x00 = Unused
//ASID - GENERAL
0x07, // Size : 7 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x01, // bDescriptorSubtype -> 0x01 = GENERAL subtype
0x01, // bTerminalLink -> 0x01 = The Terminal ID of the Terminal to which the endpoint of this interface is connected.
0x01, // bDelay -> 0x01 = Delay (delta) introduced by the data path (see Section 3.4, ?Inter Channel Synchronization? - in Audio Devices). Expressed in number of frames.
0x01,0x00, // wFormatTag -> 0x0001 = PCM
//ASID - FORMAT_TYPE
0x0E, // Size : 14 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x02, // bDescriptorSubtype -> 0x02 = FORMAT_TYPE
0x01, // bFormatType -> 0x01 = FORMAT_TYPE_I -> ref: A.1.1 Audio Data Format Type I Codes -> Audio Data Format Dok
0x02, // bNrChannels -> 0x02 = Two channels
0x02, // bSubFrameSize -> 0x02 = 2 bytes pr audio subframe
0x10, // bBitResolution -> 0x10 = 16 bit pr sample
0x02, // bSamFreqType -> 0x02 = 2 sample frequencies supported
0x80,0xBB,0x00, // tSamFreq -> 0xBB80 = 48000 Hz
0x00,0x7D,0x00, // tSamFreq -> 0x7D00 = 32000 Hz
//0x44,0xAC,0x00,
//ED - ENDPOINT OUT
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x05, // 0x05 -> ENDPOINT Descriptor Type
0x01, // bEndpointAddress -> 0x01 = adress 1, OUT, -> ref 9.6.6 Endpoint -> usb_20 Dok
0x09, // bmAttributes -> 0b00001001 -> Bits 0-1 = 01 = Isochronous , Bits 2-3 = 10 = Adaptive
AUDIO_MAX_SAMPLES * sizeof ( AUDIO_PLAY_SAMPLE ), 0x00, // wMaxPacketSize -> 48 * 4 = 0x0030 :Maximum packet size this endpoint is capable of sending or receiving when this configuration is selected.
0x01, // bInterval -> 0x01 = 1 millisecond
0x00, // ?? not described -> 0x00 = Unused
0x00, // ?? not described -> 0x00 = Unused
//CSED - CS ENDPOINT
0x07, // Size : 7 Bytes
0x25, // CS_ENDPOINT
0x01, // bDescriptorSubtype -> 0x01 = GENERAL
0x01, // bmAttributes -> 0b00000001 = Bit 1 = 1 => Sample Freq Control is supported by this endpoint
0x00, // bLockDelayUnits -> 0x00 = Indicates the units used for the wLockDelay field: 0 = Undefined
0x00,0x00, // the time it takes this endpoint to reliably lock its internal clock recovery circuitry.
/* ##### INTERFACE 2 - IN ##### */
//ID - INTERFACE 2/0 Stream
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x04, // Interface Descriptor (0x04)
0x02, // bInterfaceNumber -> 0x02 Interface ID = 2
0x00, // bAlternateSetting -> 0x00 = Value used to select this alternate setting for the interface identified in the prior field
0x00, // bNumEndpoints -> 0x00 = 0 -> Number of endpoints used by this interface
0x01, // bInterfaceClass -> 0x01 = 1 = AUDIO
0x02, // bInterfaceSubClass -> 0x02 = AUDIO_STREAMING
0x00, // bInterfaceProtocol -> 0x00 = Unused
0x00, // iInterface -> 0x00 = Unused -> Index of string descriptor.
//ID - INTERFACE 2/1 Stream
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x04, // Interface Descriptor (0x04)
0x02, // bInterfaceNumber -> 0x02 Interface ID = 2
0x01, // bAlternateSetting -> 0x01 = Value used to select this alternate setting for the interface identified in the prior field
0x01, // bNumEndpoints -> 0x01 = 1 -> Number of endpoints used by this interface
0x01, // bInterfaceClass -> 0x01 = 1 = AUDIO
0x02, // bInterfaceSubClass -> 0x02 = AUDIO_STREAMING
0x00, // bInterfaceProtocol -> 0x00 = Unused
0x00, // iInterface -> 0x00 = Unused -> Index of string descriptor.
//ASID - GENERAL
0x07, // Size : 7 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x01, // GENERAL Descriptor
0x06, // bTerminalLink -> 0x06 = The Terminal ID of the Terminal to which the endpoint of this interface is connected = 6
0x01, // bDelay -> 0x01 = Delay (delta) introduced by the data path (see Section 3.4, ?Inter Channel Synchronization? - in Audio Devices). Expressed in number of frames.
0x01,0x00, // wFormatTag -> 0x0001 = PCM
//ASID - FORMAT_TYPE
0x0E, // Size : 14 Bytes
0x24, // CS_INTERFACE Descriptor Type
0x02, // bDescriptorSubtype -> 0x02 = FORMAT_TYPE
0x01, // bFormatType -> 0x01 = FORMAT_TYPE_I -> ref: A.1.1 Audio Data Format Type I Codes -> Audio Data Format Dok
0x02, // bNrChannels -> 0x02 = Two channels
0x02, // bSubFrameSize -> 0x02 = 2 bytes pr audio subframe
//0x03, // bSubFrameSize -> 0x03 = 3 bytes pr audio subframe
0x10, // bBitResolution -> 0x10 = 16 bit pr sample
//0x18, // bBitResolution -> 0x18 = 24 bit pr sample
0x02, // bSamFreqType -> 0x02 = 2 sample frequencies supported
0x80,0xBB,0x00, // tSamFreq -> 0xBB80 = 48000 Hz
0x00,0x7D,0x00, // tSamFreq -> 0x7D00 = 32000 Hz
//0x44,0xAC,0x00, // 44100 Hz
//ED - ENDPOINT IN
0x09, // Size : 9 Bytes
0x05, // 0x05 -> ENDPOINT Descriptor Type
0x82, // bEndpointAddress -> 0x82 = adress 2, IN, -> ref 9.6.6 Endpoint -> usb_20 Dok
0x05, // bmAttributes -> 0b00000101 -> Bits 0-1 = 01 = Isochronous , Bits 2-3 = 01 = Asynchronous
AUDIO_MAX_SAMPLES * (sizeof ( AUDIO_PLAY_SAMPLE )), 0x00, // wMaxPacketSize -> 48 * 4 = 0x0030 :Maximum packet size this endpoint is capable of sending or receiving when this configuration is selected.
//0x20,0x01,
0x01, // bInterval -> 0x01 = 1 millisecond
0x00, // bRefresh -> ??
0x00, // bSynchAddress -> ??
//CSED - CS ENDPOINT
0x07, // Size : 7 Bytes
0x25, // bDescriptorType -> 0x25 = CS_ENDPOINT
0x01, // bDescriptorSubtype -> 0x01 = GENERAL
0x01, // bmAttributes -> 0b00000001 = Bit 1 = 1 => Sample Freq Control is supported by this endpoint
0x00, // bLockDelayUnits -> 0x00 = Indicates the units used for the wLockDelay field: 0 = Undefined
0x00,0x00, // the time it takes this endpoint to reliably lock its internal clock recovery circuitry
};
So i solved my question!
As chris commented, i had to implement some sort of control, into the control interface. First i added two Feature units, as seen on the picture. I implemented made then support no controls, by setting:
bmaControls(1) = 0x00 // No control support
This cause windows to install the device driver properly, but i still couldn't see the microphone in "Recording Devices" in the sound settings.
The i implemented Mute control, by changing the control parameter to:
bmaControls(1) = 0x01 // Mute support
Now i could see the microphone in the settings, but the gain was different from what i expected. Then i changed the controls to Volume control, by changing the control parameter to:
bmaControls(1) = 0x02 // Volume support
This made the microphone work as i expected...
Thanks Chris!
Am working on a project to read from and write data to smart cards. The Card Reader am using is ACR38U-H1 from ACS. Following their APDU commands, I have being able to get access to the card and read some data. But am suspecting that I still have not being able to read the exact data inside, because always I get a response to the command APDU 0x6e 0x00, 0x00 instead of0x90 0x00.
What am I doing wrong?
Maybe the problem is in the smart card?
Python code:
#! /usr/bin/env python
from smartcard.scard import *
import smartcard.util
SELECT = [
#0xA0, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x3F, 0x00
0XFF, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x05
]
COMMAND = [
0x00, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0B
]
try:
hresult, hcontext = SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_USER)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to establish context : ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Context established!'
try:
hresult, readers = SCardListReaders(hcontext, [])
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to list readers: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'PCSC Readers:', readers
if len(readers) < 1:
raise Exception('No smart card readers')
reader = readers[0]
print "Using reader:", reader
try:
hresult, hcard, dwActiveProtocol = SCardConnect(hcontext, reader,
SCARD_SHARE_SHARED, SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Unable to connect: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Connected with active protocol', dwActiveProtocol
try:
hresult, response = SCardTransmit(hcard, dwActiveProtocol,
SELECT)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to transmit: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Select: ' + smartcard.util.toHexString(response,
smartcard.util.HEX)
#==========================================================================
hresult, response = SCardTransmit(hcard, dwActiveProtocol,
COMMAND)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to transmit: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Command: ' + smartcard.util.toHexString(response,
smartcard.util.HEX)
# =========================================================================
finally:
hresult = SCardDisconnect(hcard, SCARD_UNPOWER_CARD)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to disconnect: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Disconnected'
except Exception, message:
print "Exception:", message
finally:
hresult = SCardReleaseContext(hcontext)
if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
raise Exception('Failed to release context: ' +
SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
print 'Released context.'
except Exception, message:
print "Exception:", message
Result of this code:
Context established!
PCSC Readers: ['ACS ACR38U-CCID 00 00']
Using reader: ACS ACR38U-CCID 00 00
Connected with active protocol 2
Select: 0x6E 0x00
Command: 0x67 0x00
Disconnected
Released context.
Result of open-tool:
[17:06:00]:~$ opensc-tool -s ff:a4:00:00:01:05
Using reader with a card: ACS ACR38U-CCID 00 00
Sending: FF A4 00 00 01 05
Received (SW1=0x6E, SW2=0x00)
You are using SELECT_CARD_TYPE APDU command (0xFF00000101) which is meant to be used with I2C memory cards (up to 16 kilobits specifically) -- see section 9.3.1.1 in the reader reference manual.
This SELECT_CARD_TYPE command (having CLA set to 0xFF) is not addressed to the card but to the reader (which refuses it as the card does not use I2C).
Your card is a microprocessor card speaking T=1 protocol so you need to use "normal" ISO 7816 APDUs -- which ones should be specified in your card documentation.
Nevertheless there is a script for Smart Card Shell 3 tool which seems to read (and in a limited way emulate) FOMS card (I have not tried).
Given the script source it seems that card supports standard ISO 7816-4 SELECT and READ_BINARY APDU commands which are used behind new CardFile() and CardFile.readBinary().
Good luck!
Disclaimer: I have worked neither with any FOMS card nor with the scsh3 tool.
SELECT = [
#0xA0, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x3F, 0x00
0XFF, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x05
]
Here it seems you are trying to select MF ( AID = 3F00 on commented # command) OR Command seems wrong because no AID is of 1 byte length , Please check your command
0XFF, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x05 // check it.
and getting 6E 00 Class not supported
Your other command is C0 - GET RESPONSE,
COMMAND = [
0x00, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0B
]
This command is used to get the response from the card of length specified by previous command having return code like - 61 XX and APDU sequence should like
CLASS, INS, P1, P2, Le //please check your Get Response command
Here Get Response giving 6700 , it seems correct because previous command is failed already and card does not have nothing to return to it so unable to return Le data ( 0x0B - Suppose it is your Le)
I suggest , understand your card well before firing any command, seems it is a proprietary card so you should know the file structure/CLASS byte USED before sending command, when you shoot with correct CLA value, hope you will not get - CLA not supported error.
Hope this information helps to identify the problem.