I'm trying to create a bash script that takes a directory full of files (about 500 files) that have all different types of extensions (no seriously, like 30 different types of extensions) and I want get rid of all of the extensions, and replace them with .txt
I've been searching around for a while now, and can only find examples of taking a specified extension, and changing it to another specified extension.
Like png --> jpg, or .doc --> .txt
Here's an example I've found:
# Rename all *.txt to *.text
for f in *.txt; do
mv -- "$f" "${f%.txt}.text"
done
This works, but only if you go from .txt to .text, I have multiple different extensions I'm working with.
My current code is:
directory=$1
for item in $directory/*
do
echo mv -- "$item" "$item.txt";
done
This will append the .txt onto them, but unfortunately I am left with the previous ones still attached. E.G. filename.etc.txt, filename.bla.txt
Am I going about this wrong? Any help is greatly appreciated.
It's a trivial change to the first example:
cd "$directory"
# Rename all files to *.txt
for f in *
do
mv -- "$f" "${f%.*}.txt"
done
If a file contains multiple extensions, this will replace only the last one. To remove all extensions, use %% in place of %.
Related
I am a novice Linux user. I have 892 .pdb files, I want to rename all of them in a sequential order as L1,L2,L3,L4...........,L892. And then I want a text file which contains the old names assigned to new names ( i.e L1,L2,L3). Please help me with this. Thank you for your time.
You could just do:
#!/bin/sh
i=0
for f in *.pdb; do
: $((i += 1))
mv "$f" L"$i" && echo "$f --> L$i"
done > filelist
Note that you probably want to move the files into a different directory, as that will make it easier to recover if an error occurs midway through. Also be wary that this will overwrite any existing files and potentially cause a big mess. It's not idempotent (you can't run it twice). You would probably be better off not doing the move at all and instead do something like:
#!/bin/sh
i=0
mkdir -p newfiles
for f in *.pdb; do
ln "$f" newfiles/L"$((++i))" && printf "%s\0%s\0" "$f" "L$i"
done > filelist
This latter solution creates links to the original files in a subdirectory, so you can run it multiple times without munging the original data. Also, it uses null separators in the file list so you can unambiguously distinguish names that have newlines or tabs or spaces in them. It makes for a list that is not particularly human readable, but you can easily filter it through tr to make it pretty.
I have a large list of directories, each of which contains a varied number of "paired" files. By paired, I mean the prefix is the same for two files, and the pairs are denoted as "a" and "b". The prefix does not follow a defined pattern either. My broader intentions are to write a bash script that will list all subdirectories in a given directory, cd into each directory, find the pairs of files, and execute a function on the pairs. Here is an example directory:
Dir1
123_a.txt
234_a.txt
123_b.txt
234_b.txt
Dir2
345_a.txt
345_b.txt
Dir3
456_a.txt
567_a.txt
678_a.txt
456_b.txt
567_b.txt
678_b.txt
I can use this code to loop thought each directory:
for d in ./*/ ; do (cd "$d" && script.sh); done
In script.sh, I have been working on writing a script that will find all pairs of files (which is the problem I am struggling to figure out), and then call the function I want to apply to those files. This is the gist of what I have been trying:
for file in ./*_a.txt; do (find the paired file with *_b.txt && run_function.sh); done
Ive broken the problem into needing to get the value of "*" for the _a.txt files, and then searching the directory using this value for the matching _b.txt suffix,and making a subdirectory that I can put them into so I can then apply run_function.sh. So Dir1, would contain subdirectories 123 and 234.
Let me know if this doesn't make sense. The part of the problem I'm struggling with is matching files without a defined prefix.
Thanks for your help.
Use parameter expansion:
#!/bin/bash
file=123_a.txt
prefix=${file%_a.txt} # remove _a.txt from the right
second=${prefix}_b.txt
if [[ -f $second ]] ; then
run_function "$file" "$second"
fi
After an HD problem and some work, I have a bunch of files with names like "f1234", "f1235", etc.
My goal is to sort this files according to their filetype. For example, I want to move all the PDF files in the "pdfs" directory.
For one file, I can do : "file f1234", and if it's a PDF, I can "mv f1234 pdfs/". But I have thousands of file... Can you help me with a bash or zsh command for sort all the PDF in one pass ? Thanks
The hard part here is reliably turning the output of file into a directory name. I think probably the best candidate for that is the mime-type of the file rather than the human readable output of file. I'd use something like:
mkdir sorted
for f in f*
do
d=$(file -b --mime-type "$f" | tr / -)
mkdir -p "sorted/$d"
mv "$f" "sorted/$d/"
done
Obviously I'd test that out a bit before running it on your files, but something pretty close to that should work.
I have 25 files in a directory. I need to amass 25000 files for testing purposes. I thought I could just replicate these files over and over until I get 25000 files. I could manually copy paste 1000 times but that seemed tedious. So I thought I could write a script to do it for me. I tried
cp * .
As a trial but I got an error that said the source and destination file are the same. If I were to automate it how would i do it so that each of the 1000 times the new files are made with unique names?
As discussed in the comments, you can do something like this:
for file in *
do
filename="${file%.*}" # get everything up to last dot
extension="${file##*.}" # get extension (text after last dot)
for i in {00001..10000}
do
cp $file ${filename}${i}${extension}
done
done
The trick for i in {00001..10000} is used to loop from 1 to 10000 having the number with leading zeros.
The ${filename}${i}${extension} is the same as $filename$i$extension but makes more clarity over what is a variable name and what is text. This way, you can also do ${filename}_${i}${extension} to get files like a_23.txt, etc.
In case your current files match a specific pattern, you can always do for file in a* (if they all are on the a + something format).
If you want to keep the extension of the files, you can use this. Assuming, you want to copy all txt-files:
#!/bin/bash
for f in *.txt
do
for i in {1..10000}
do
cp "$f" "${f%.*}_${i}.${f##*.}"
done
done
You could try this:
for file in *; do for i in {1..1000}; do cp $file $file-$i; done; done;
It will append a number to any existing files.
The next script
for file in *.*
do
eval $(sed 's/\(.*\)\.\([^\.]*\)$/base="\1";ext="\2";/' <<< "$file")
for n in {1..1000}
do
echo cp "$file" "$base-$n.$ext"
done
done
will:
take all files with extensions *.*
creates the basename and extension (sed)
in a cycle 1000 times copyes the original file to file-number.extension
it is for DRY-RUN, remove the echo if satisfied
I have a directory full of pictures. Lets say
/usr/pics/foo
/usr/pics/duckface.jpg
usr/pics/bar.bmp
...
I'd like to go through and rename them to
/usr/pics/pic1
/usr/pics/pic2
/usr/pics/pic3
...
Doesn't have to be sed anything I can run from a bash script will be fine. I think I can handle the regex I just don't know what to replace with.
I assume that all files in the directory are images and you want to rename all of them without worrying of extensions or file types. Then try:
for f in /usr/pics/*; do ((i++)); mv "$f" "${f%/*}/pic${i}"; done