My goal:
I am trying to get the MS Keyboard Layout Creator to allow me to perform a carriage return/enter whenever I hit the [R-Arrow] key in combination with the [Control] key, but still have the [R-Arrow] key perform as normal (i.e. move one character right) when hit alone. I'm doing this because my laptop keyboard [Enter] key is busted, and I want use this hack for a short time, before I go ahead and get another keyboard. Yes, I know it might be easier to get a new one. :)
As far as I can tell, I have almost figured everything out. The only pieces of information I still need are the exact hexadecimal codepoints for both the 1) right arrow navigation and 2) enter/carriage-return. I am hoping someone can direct me to this info. I have found the unicode reference but I am unable to discern which codes I might use for the carriage return and the right arrow navigation (not the right arrow ascii character →, I don't care about that)
Example code in my existing KLC file:
KBD Layout01 "Layout01 Description"
COPYRIGHT "(c) 2017 Company"
COMPANY "Company"
LOCALENAME "en-US"
LOCALEID "00000409"
VERSION 1.0
SHIFTSTATE
0 //Column 4
1 //Column 5 : Shft
2 //Column 6 : Ctrl
LAYOUT ;an extra '#' at the end is a dead key
//SC VK_ Cap 0 1 2
//-- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
39 SPACE 0 0020 0020 -1 // SPACE, SPACE, <none>
53 DECIMAL 0 002e 002e -1 // FULL STOP, FULL STOP,
My understanding of the code (SPACEBAR example)
Looking at the preexisting examples in the file, (the space and the decimal) I have figured out the following:
Note: the examples in parentheses below refer only to the spacebar.
The first number is the keyboard key (e.g. 39 above)
The word which follows that number is the designated label to refer to that key (e.g. SPACE above)
the next three numbers are hexadecimal codepoints/symbols which refer to "SHIFTSTATES"
The first is the codepoint for what the key will output if pressed while the CAPSLOCK is pressed.
The second is the codepoint for what the key will output if pressed simultaneously with the SHIFT key.
The third is the codepoint for what the key will output if pressed simultaneously with the CONTROL key.
The goal: figuring out the codes for right-arrow navigation and enter
I have figured out this much for my line of code that I want to add in order so that pressing the right key alone will still navigate right, but in wihc the combination "control-right" will instead trigger a carriage-return/enter
4d RIGHT 0 ??I don't know?? ??I don't know?? -1
I believe the I know following
4d (in the 1st column) is the key code for the right arrow key
the handle RIGHT (in the 2nd column) is the handle/name for the right arrow
0 (in the 3rd column means don't change the key if the capslock is pressed
What I need your help to figure out
What the codepoint/hexadecimal/unicode symbol is for performing a right arrow navigation (I think that is what goes in the fourth column if I want [Shift]-[Right-Arrow] to make the cursor move one character to the right).
What the codepoint/hexadecimal/unicode symbol is for performing a carriage-return/enter(I think that is what goes in the fifth column if I want [Control]-[Right-Arrow] to trigger an enter/carriage-return).
It may be that I am mistaken and the symbols I need are not unicode codepoints; if I am wrong, please correct me, as that info will help me get closer to my goal. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
I don't know if you still need this, as I had already written down most of it I post it.
I looked into it for a while, I haven't found an actual definitive answer but I can give you some hints (I post this as an answer nonetheless because it would have been too unwieldy to use comments).
I have a strong feeling that what you ask is not possible (that control keys such as the arrows cannot be mapped to different keys/characters/functions when a modifier such as ctrl is pressed).
I'm not really a huge expert in these things but I can give you some pointers:
(in the following there is a good deal of information not much related to your problem, but it might help you understand better)
When you press a key in Windows there are at least 3 sets of codes that are involved:
Scan codes: these are the codes that are actually generated by the hardware and sent to the pc. I have little knowledge of them, I never had a need to use them and I was too young when they were more relevant. They can theoretically vary from keyboard to keyboard but they're largely standardized; the USB keyboards are really standardized, for what I could understand, and their scan codes ought to be those listed in these HID Usage Tables (section 10). Wikipedia has some info but not a full list of the traditional codes. Most likely you won't need these, though (but maybe you will). By the way, these scan codes are also passed to the applications (I'm not sure how reliably) but they hardly ever use them.
Virtual-key codes: The scan codes in Windows are translated by the keyboard driver into a common set of key codes specified by Microsoft: the Virtual-Key Codes. These are independent by the keyboard and are what's (normally) used by the applications when they need to handle the single key presses.
Unicode, or other charset, characters: Windows recognizes when the keys being pressed are supposed to produce printable characters and passes these characters to the applications. At the times when an application is only interested in printable characters it only looks at these characters, although when they need to do more complex things (shortcuts...) they also have access to the virtual-key codes (and, if they really want, to the scan codes). Unicode is a character set, not a "key-codes set", so it generally contains only printable characters. To facilitate interoperability with ASCII and other legacy charsets it also includes the control characters defined in previous standards, but among these control characters the arrow keys are not present, so there are no unicode codepoints for the keyboard's arrows.
In the second column of the klc it would appear that you have to put the name of the virtual-key constant with VK_ removed. Quite weird indeed.
Several Microsoft documentation pages say that the WDK kbd.h file that you can also find in the inc directory of the Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator has the detailed information about this stuff. Personally I couldn't make too much out of it, though.
If you really want to dig into this the late Michael Kaplan's blog has probably the information you're looking for, somewhere.
Your best luck is most likely to use some other application. I stumbled upon KbdEdit, that does handle the arrow keys, but it really seems that it can't assign a different function to the key when used with a modifier (but you can change the effect of the key altogether, irrespective of the pressed modifier).
For the Enter key you would likely need to use the virtual key, which is 0D (VK_RETURN).
The sequence of characters used to indicate line breaks on Windows is CR LF, which have (in Unicode and almost every other existing charset) codepoints 0D 0A, respectively.
The Windows message that notifies applications of entered characters (point 1.3 above - I mean the WM_CHAR message, by the way) though reports only a CR (0D) when you press Enter; so if those klf files use unicode codepoints in some part there's a good chance that they use that (CR) to indicate a Enter key.
All in all, your best bet is probably to just assign the Enter to a different key (for example a function key, the right ctrl or win key if you have them or the caps-lock).
Related
I am using the AppleWin emulator, setup as an Apple IIe, Apple DOS 3.3 with Applesoft. My goal is to make a simple game.
This simple GET program works fine at the ] prompt (I am not sure, but I think it's called the monitor).
10 GET V$
20 PRINT V$
It prints the pressed key as expected
Then I start Applesoft using LOAD APPLESOFT. I tried writing the same simple program than at the ] prompt. But this time when I type the first line 10 GET V$ I get as output *** SYNTAX ERR.
I think it's not a supported feature, but in the ApplesoftII Basic Programming Reference Manual they list get a reserved keyword.
I could update to a higher version of Applesoft, then which version of Applebasic would support it?
I can also use another method of getting a key press without the user needing to press enter afterwards.
Applesoft on the Apple ][e (the first apple version to support lower-case at all) is case sensitive, and all the keywords are UPPERCASE only -- so get will not match the keyword (or anything) and will give you a syntax error.
Of course, if you're emulating an original Apple ][, there's no lower case at all, and lower case letters show up as flashing uppercase -- and still won't match a keyword.
After continuing to research my issue, I have found the location of memory for the keyboard buffer.
The keyboard buffer is -16384 and the way to reset that value of that address is to access -16368.
If the value in -16384 is larger than 128 then a key has been pressed.
So, I can use PEEK -16384 to read the value. To get an ASCII code you need to subtract 128 to that value.
Example code:
KEY= PEEK(-16384)
IF KEY>=128 THEN PRINT KEY-128
To tell the system you dealt with the key press and reset the value, you need to access the value in -16368. By using PEEK or POKE.
Example code:
POKE -16368,0
Or can also be PEEKed
PRINT PEEK -16368
if the error you are getting is *** SYNTAX ERR and not "?SYNTAX ERROR" then you are using integer basic and not applesoft basic. Try to switch to applesoft basic first by using FP
As a bit of context, I am considering making a plugin for vim that would inline specific debugging and/or profiling information on along the left margin (ideally left of the numbers column) which would need to be 4-5 characters wide. However, I cannot find any means to accomplish this. I've searched around, and the closest thing I can find is vimscript code for inserting signs in the sign column, but the sign column is fixed at 2 characters wide.
I've considered the possibility of making my own makeshift column (to the right of the numbers column, in the normally editable text area) and somehow marking it as readonly, but that doesn't seem possible either- from what I've read, the entire buffer must be readonly or not; you can't have just a portion as readonly.
For completeness here's an example. I would like to programmatically insert a 4-5 character column before some text (with numbers set)
1 Text buffer
2 with some
3 text
to make
My 1 Text buffer
own 2 with some
text 3 text
Is there any way to accomplish this task?
The built-in feature for this is the sign column, but yes it is limited to two characters.
Depending on your use cases, it might be okay to enhance the signs with a tooltip popup (:help balloon-eval explicitly mentions This feature allows a debugger, or other external tool, to display dynamic information based on where the mouse is pointing.), or maybe place the additional information in the quickfix or location list.
Modification of the actual buffer has many downsides (as it effectively prevents editing, and Vim's main purpose is just that). What some plugins do is showing a scratch (that is: unpersisted, unmodifiable) buffer in a vertical split, and setting the 'scrollbind' option so that its contents follow the original buffer. For an example, have a look at the VCSCommand plugin, which uses this for annotating a buffer with commit information.
NOTE: Although I give a lot of info on Inquirer, I'm pretty sure that most of it won't apply (just being safe). For my actual question about curses, its at the bottom.
I'm using the Inquirer module in Python 3 to allow the user to select a value from a list. I run this:
import inquirer
choice = inquirer.prompt([inquirer.List("size",message="Which size do you need?",choices=["Large", "Medium", "Small"])
And I'm given this:
[?] What size do you need?: Medium
Large
> Medium
Small
And using the up and down keys, I can change my selection, and hit enter to choose, after which the "choice" variable contains the value I selected. The issue is: Once the selection is done, the choices still show. I want to delete them when done. I'm currently using ANSI Escape Codes to delete the choices from onscreen when done, where x is the number of choices:
import sys
for i in range (x+1):
sys.stdout.write('\x1b[1A')
sys.stdout.write('\x1b[2K')
Which leaves the printed text as:
[?] What size do you need?: Medium
The issue is, ANSI escape codes aren't universal. I want to use a solution that works on all terminals, preferably curses, but curses isn't very friendly to new users, so I was wondering if anyone knew how to use curses to "delete x lines above current position". Thanks!
curses, as such, would erase the whole display (which is probably not what you want). A low-level terminfo/termcap approach might seem promising, but while ECMA-48 does define a sequence (ED, with parameter 1) which erases above the current position, there is no predefined terminfo/termcap capability which corresponds to this. All that you will find there is the capability for erasing to the end of the screen, or erasing the whole screen.
"ANSI sequences" is an obsolete term. Referring to ECMA-48, you could do
sys.stdout.write('\x1b[1J')
after moving the cursor to the last location you would like to erase.
Sublime Text is so damn advanced and this seems like such a stupid question, but...
I started writing a for loop in PHP (using SFTP), loved that it gave me a choice to auto-generate the loop. However, it enters this weird multi-cursor mode, which
1)I am not really sure how to use/exit without using the mouse;
2) it seems useless, seeing as all 3 type the same thing, even though I need to change, for example, the $i > x or $i = x.
Although Sublime does indeed support the idea of multiple cursors (which is an incredible time saver and useful as all get out, as we're about to see), what you're actually asking about here is a snippet which in this case happens to also include multiple cursors.
The general idea is that for code that you're likely to type many times (e.g. a for loop), you can create a snippet that will generate the bulk of the text for you in one shot, and then allow you to easily customize it as needed. In this case, the snippet in question is part of the default functionality of Sublime and is provided by the shipped PHP package.
To answer point #2 in your question first, this is far from useless. As seen here, I enter the text for and then press Tab to expand the snippet out. The first thing to notice here is that the status line says Field 1 of 4 to tell me that I'm in a snippet and that it contains four fields.
The first field is the name of the control variable for the loop, and all of them are selected so that as I change the name, all of them change at the same time because when there are multiple cursors, the text you type appears at all of them at the same time.
Once I'm done changing the name of the variable, I press Tab again to go to the next field, which allows me to easily change the point at which the loop starts. Another press of Tab takes me to the third field, where I can specify where the loop ends.
One last press of Tab exits the snippet and selects the text in the loop, so I can start writing my code (caveat: I am not a PHP developer).
At this point you can see Sublime offering another snippet for echo, which would expand out to an echo statement complete with quotes, then allow me to edit the text in the echo and skip to the end.
Circling back around to the first point in your question, you can use Esc at any point to jump out of a snippet and go back to regular editing. You can also use Tab or Shift+Tab to move through the fields in the snippet, and pressing Tab at the last field in the snippet exits it as well.
In this particular case, the first field in the snippet sets up multiple cursors, and so exiting the snippet while this field is active leaves multiple cursors in effect. You can jump back to a single cursor by pressing Esc one more time (this is true regardless of how you ended up with multiple cursors).
Some characters that I enter in editor displayed not identical to those on keyboard. So I have error messages like this:
Character with decimal value 176 does not belong to the PL/I character
set. It will be ignored.
when trying to compile PL/I programm.
Sometimes character can displayed even properly, but I still have similar error message.
Examples of this characters are character that represents logical OR, logical NOT.
How to solve this problem? Is it a settings of editor, or settings of program IBM Personal Communications? Or may be it is better to enter 16-code of those symbols (how to do that if possible, and how to determine what code I need)?
There is a lot of places where this can go wrong...
The keyboard-driver on your client machine has to be configured correctly for the keyboard you use. But if other programs work correctly and only the mainframe emulation behaves strangely then this should be OK.
The PCOMM-session has to be configured to use the correct Host-codepage. Ask your mainframe technical guys what is used and configure your terminal emulation accordingly. Since we don't use PCOMM I can't help you with this, you will have to look around the session settings a bit.
In PL/I most characters are taken from the range that is identical in most EBCDIC codepages. The main exceptions are the characters for the OR- and NOT-operators which may differ. IBM-default for OR is '4F'X, which is a pipe-character '|' in codepage 1140 (English), but an exclamation mark '!' in codepage 1141 (German). Default for NOT is '5F'X which is a logical NOT-sign '¬' in 1140 but a caret '^' in 1141.
Since these problems are well known the compiler offers two options OR() and NOT() to set the characters to be used for these operators. So you might look in your compile-listing whether these parameters are set in your installation and what their values are since these are the characters you have to use.