I'm building rpm with maven on cygwin64 but I have a problem, the rpm file's separator are backward slash (Windows Style) so I need to be forward slash(/) because I need to deploy on Linux.
Any help?
You never showed us the commands you are running, so this answer is therefore untested for your use case. However, a quick search through Stack Overflow revealed this great answer, which has a solution for dealing with backslashes in Cygwin. One can place a path containing backslashes in single quotes and this makes it work. The single quotes allows Cygwin to not treat the backslashes as forming escape characters.
As an example, if you had the following command which does not work:
cd home\rafael\docs
you could place the path in single quotes to make it work:
cd 'home\rafael\docs'
and of course this would also work with forward slashes:
cd home/rafael/docs
Related
I want to replace double spaces with one space in the filenames of a lot of photos. These photos are located in directory /foto and it's subfolders. How to do this? For example "photo 1.jpg" needs to become "photo 1.jpg"
The best way is to use commandline, because it's on CloudLinux server. (and it is over 50GB of photos). I searched here on Stackoverflow, also Google to find the command I need. I guess rename is the one to use, or mv.
The only things I found were commands about replacing space and replacing other symbols, but not about double (multiple) spaces.
find -iname \*.* | rename -v "s/\s{2}/ /g"
This is the final command which helped me out. I used perl rename, see answer by Gilles
Use this, using Perl's rename :
rename 's/\s{2}/ /g' files*
Remove -n switch when the output looks good.
There are other tools with the same name which may or may not be able to do this, so be careful.
If you run the following command (GNU)
$ file "$(readlink -f "$(type -p rename)")"
and you have a result that contains Perl script, ASCII text executable and not containing ELF, then this seems to be the right tool =)
If not, to make it the default (usually already the case) on Debian and derivative like Ubuntu :
$ sudo update-alternatives --set rename /path/to/rename
Replace /path/to/rename to the path of your perl rename executable.
If you don't have this command, search your package manager to install it or do it manually (no deps...)
This tool was originally written by Larry Wall, the Perl's dad.
After migrating from Windows 7 to Windows 10, I re-installed Cygwin. When I run from Cygwin I'm getting following error:
/cygdrive/c/Cygwin64/bin/sh: C:/Program: No such file or directory
Any idea what this could be related to ?
This is the result of spaces in windows file or directory names.
To properly diagnose the problem, you will need to quote the exact command you enter, and the value of the cygwin PATH variable, e.g. echo $PATH.
Typically, this problem is fixed by quoting shell commands so the shell does not split path names on the spaces within file paths. You add double or single quotes around literal file paths, e.g. '/cygdrive/c/Program Files/...', and double quotes around variable references, e.g. "$FileName" in shell commands and scripts.
When you install or re-install cygwin, it is very important to not install to a directory with a space in its path name, do not use e.g. C:\Cygwin 64; instead use C:\Cygwin64 or C:\Cygwin_64. If you do install to such a path, your best bet is to delete that installation and reinstall to a path without a space in it.
Disclaimer: I am very new to Bash scripting (and Linux in general), so forgive me for a stupid question.
A friend of mine gave me a script which makes a backup copy of certain files onto Dropbox. Here's the code in full:
#!/bin/sh
DATE=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
tarname='backup-'$DATE'.tar.gz'
cd ~/
directoriesToBack='.bashrc Desktop/School/ Desktop/Research\ Project'
tar -X ~/Desktop/My\ Programs/scripts/crons/exclude.txt -zcvf $tarname $directoriesToBack
mv $tarname ~/Dropbox
The variable directoriesToBack obviously contains the directories to be copied. Exclude.txt is a text file of files which are not to be backed up.
If I try to run this script, I get an error because of Desktop/Research Project: my computer looks for the directory Desktop/Research instead. I've tried to use double quotes instead of single quotes, and to replace \ with an ordinary space, but these tries didn't work. Does anyone know how I can make a backup of a directory with spaces in its name?
Don't try to do this with strings. It will not work and it will cause pain. See I'm trying to put a command in a variable, but the complex cases always fail! for various details and discussion.
Use an array instead.
#!/bin/bash
DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
tarname=backup-$DATE.tar.gz
cd ~/
directoriesToBack=(.bashrc Desktop/School "Desktop/Research Project")
tar -X ~/Desktop/My\ Programs/scripts/crons/exclude.txt -zcvf "$tarname" "${directoriesToBack[#]}"
I also fixed the quoting of variables/etc. and used $() instead of backticks for the date command execution (as $() can be nested and generally has better semantics and behaviour).
Please run the script and show the EXACT error message. I suspect that what is going wrong is not what you think it is. I suspect that the envar directoriesToBack is not what you think it is.
cd Desktop/"Research Project" (With Quotation marks)
You'll find that a lot of code in many languages use Quotes to signify a space.
I am trying to do a directory-wide search for specific strings in JSON files. The only problem is that these JSON files are only one line, so when I cat all of them, all strings occur a magical "1" time...since there's only one line even when I string them all together.
An easy solution, which I see a lot (here and here), is grep -o. Only problem is it doesn't come standard on my Gitbash. I solved my immediate problem by just installing the latest Cygwin. However, I'm wondering if there was an easier/more granular solution. Is it possible to do the equivalent of "apt-get install" or similar on Gitbash? Or can someone explain to me a quick-and-dirty way to extract and install the tar file in Gitbash?
The other approach is to:
use a cmd session (using the git-cmd.bat which packaged with Git for Windows)
use the grep included Gnu for Windows, which supports the -o option (and actually allow you to use most of the other Unix commands that your script might be currently using)
I have looked and tried to use exuberant ctags with no luck with what I want to do. I am on a Mac trying to work in a project where I want to exclude such directories as .git, node_modules, test, etc. When I try something like ctags -R --exclude=[.git, node_modules, test] I get nothing in return. I really only need to have it run in my core directory. Any ideas on how to accomplish this?
The --exclude option does not expect a list of files. According to ctags's man page, "This option may be specified as many times as desired." So, it's like this:
ctags -R --exclude=.git --exclude=node_modules --exclude=test
Read The Fantastic Manual should always be the first step of any attempt to solve a problem.
From $ man ctags:
--exclude=[pattern]
Add pattern to a list of excluded files and directories. This option may
be specified as many times as desired. For each file name considered by
both the complete path (e.g. some/path/base.ext) and the base name (e.g.
base.ext) of the file, thus allowing patterns which match a given file
name irrespective of its path, or match only a specific path. If appro-
priate support is available from the runtime library of your C compiler,
then pattern may contain the usual shell wildcards (not regular expres-
sions) common on Unix (be sure to quote the option parameter to protect
the wildcards from being expanded by the shell before being passed to
ctags; also be aware that wildcards can match the slash character, '/').
You can determine if shell wildcards are available on your platform by
examining the output of the --version option, which will include "+wild-
cards" in the compiled feature list; otherwise, pattern is matched
against file names using a simple textual comparison.
If pattern begins with the character '#', then the rest of the string is
interpreted as a file name from which to read exclusion patterns, one per
line. If pattern is empty, the list of excluded patterns is cleared.
Note that at program startup, the default exclude list contains "EIFGEN",
"SCCS", "RCS", and "CVS", which are names of directories for which it is
generally not desirable to descend while processing the --recurse option.
From the two first sentences you get:
$ ctags -R --exclude=dir1 --exclude=dir2 --exclude=dir3 .
which may be a bit verbose but that's what aliases and mappings and so on are for. As an alternative, you get this from the second paragraph:
$ ctags -R --exclude=#.ctagsignore .
with the following in .ctagsignore:
dir1
dir2
dir3
which works out to excluding those 3 directories without as much typing.
You can encapsulate a comma separated list with curly braces to handle multiples with one --exclude option:
ctags -R --exclude={folder1,folder2,folder3}
This appears to only work for folders in the root of where you're issuing the command. Excluding nested folders requires a separate --exclude option.
The other answers were straight to the point, and I thought a little example may help:
You should add an asterisk unix-like style to exclude the whole directory.
ctags -R --exclude={.git/*,.env/*,.idea/*} ./
A bit late but following on romainl response, you could use your .gitignore file as a basis, you only need to remove any leading slashes from the file, like so:
sed "s/\///" .gitignore > .ctagsignore
ctags -R --exclude=#.ctagsignore
I really only need to have it run in my core directory.
Simply remove the -R (recursion) flag!!!