How to sort array? - haxe

I have an array of points:
var pointsCutAt:Array<Point>
I need to sort the array based on y access, and my implementation is:
ArraySort.sort(pointsCutAt,function(a, b):Int{
if (a.y > b.y)
return 1;
else
if (a.y < b.y)
return -1
else
return 0;
});
However, I've noticed that the passed array is not being sorted:
Before:
[(x=360, y=90),(x=360, y=270),(x=360, y=180),(x=360, y=360)]
After:
[(x=360, y=90),(x=360, y=270),(x=360, y=180),(x=360, y=360)]
In the haxe documentation:
static sort<T> (a:Array<T>, cmp:T ‑> T ‑> Int):Void
This operation modifies Array a in place.
So, I am missing something?
EDIT
I found that the error was not related to the sort function, the var isHorizontal was simply wrong, so I was sorting with respect to x while I was expecting y:
if (pointsCutAt.length > 0)
{
// sort them first!
if (isHorizontal)
{
ArraySort.sort(pointsCutAt,function(a, b):Int{
if (a.x > b.x)
return 1;
else
if (a.x < b.x)
return -1
else
return 0;
});
}else
{
ArraySort.sort(pointsCutAt,function(a, b):Int{
if (a.y > b.y)
return 1;
else
if (a.y < b.y)
return -1
else
return 0;
});
}
I discovered that when I tried to prepare a minimal sample.. thanks any way..
The reason why I didn't use Array.sort is what is written in the docs:
The sort operation is not guaranteed to be stable, which means that
the order of equal elements may not be retained. For a stable Array
sorting algorithm, haxe.ds.ArraySort.sort() can be used instead.

Related

Professor's bubble sort vs my bubble sort

SO I have 2 bubble sorts: 1 from lecture slides, another I wrote on my own:
def lecture_bubble(L):
while True:
swapped = False
for i in range(len(L) -1):
if L[i] > L[i+1]:
L[i+1] ,L[i] = L[i], L[i+1]
swapped = True
if not swapped:
# No swaps this pass ; therefore sorted
return L
def bubble_sort(array):
for i in range(len(array)-1):
swapped = False
for j in range(len(array)-1,i,-1):
if array[j] < array[j-1]:
array[j], array[j-1] = array[j-1], array[j]
swapped = True
if not swapped:
return array
return array
Comparing both of them:
Time taken for lecture_bubble is 4.485383749008179
Time taken for bubble_sort is 0.00061798095703125
[Finished in 4.6s]
Can someone explain why my bubble_sort is taking significantly lesser time to sort an array?
Also can my bubble sort be further improved?
Professors code executes till "if not swapped" is true. Your's will execute till either "the end of the for loop" or "if not swapped". Your code may not work for some cases.
Professor's algorithm stops sorting once it iterates through all elements without making any swap — which means the array is sorted. Have written the same algorithm in Javascript below
Comparing each with the neighbor and swapping if first is greater than the next
function bubbleSort(arr){
console.log("Input Array");
console.log(arr);
let i = 0
let temp;
let notSorted;
do {
notSorted = false;
for (let j = 0; j < arr.length-i; j++) {
if (arr[j] > arr[j+1]) {
notSorted = true;
temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = temp;
console.log(arr[j],"swapped with",arr[j+1])
console.log(arr);
} else {
console.log("SKIP");
}
console.log(j, arr.length-i);
}
i++;
} while (notSorted)
console.log("Sorted using Bubble Sort");
return arr;
}
// console.log(bubbleSort([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20])); // uncomment to run and see how efficient this algorithm is when array is sorted
console.log(bubbleSort([5,8,18,4,19,13,1,3,2,20,17,15,16,9,10,11,14,12,6,7]));

Maximum element in array which is equal to product of two elements in array

We need to find the maximum element in an array which is also equal to product of two elements in the same array. For example [2,3,6,8] , here 6=2*3 so answer is 6.
My approach was to sort the array and followed by a two pointer method which checked whether the product exist for each element. This is o(nlog(n)) + O(n^2) = O(n^2) approach. Is there a faster way to this ?
There is a slight better solution with O(n * sqrt(n)) if you are allowed to use O(M) memory M = max number in A[i]
Use an array of size M to mark every number while you traverse them from smaller to bigger number.
For each number try all its factors and see if those were already present in the array map.
Here is a pseudo code for that:
#define M 1000000
int array_map[M+2];
int ans = -1;
sort(A,A+n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++) {
for(j=1;j<=sqrt(A[i]);j++) {
int num1 = j;
if(A[i]%num1==0) {
int num2 = A[i]/num1;
if(array_map[num1] && array_map[num2]) {
if(num1==num2) {
if(array_map[num1]>=2) ans = A[i];
} else {
ans = A[i];
}
}
}
}
array_map[A[i]]++;
}
There is an ever better approach if you know how to find all possible factors in log(M) this just becomes O(n*logM). You have to use sieve and backtracking for that
#JerryGoyal 's solution is correct. However, I think it can be optimized even further if instead of using B pointer, we use binary search to find the other factor of product if arr[c] is divisible by arr[a]. Here's the modification for his code:
for(c=n-1;(c>1)&& (max==-1);c--){ // loop through C
for(a=0;(a<c-1)&&(max==-1);a++){ // loop through A
if(arr[c]%arr[a]==0) // If arr[c] is divisible by arr[a]
{
if(binary_search(a+1, c-1, (arr[c]/arr[a]))) //#include<algorithm>
{
max = arr[c]; // if the other factor x of arr[c] is also in the array such that arr[c] = arr[a] * x
break;
}
}
}
}
I would have commented this on his solution, unfortunately I lack the reputation to do so.
Try this.
Written in c++
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int MaxElement(vector< int > Input)
{
sort(Input.begin(), Input.end());
int LargestElementOfInput = 0;
int i = 0;
while (i < Input.size() - 1)
{
if (LargestElementOfInput == Input[Input.size() - (i + 1)])
{
i++;
continue;
}
else
{
if (Input[i] != 0)
{
LargestElementOfInput = Input[Input.size() - (i + 1)];
int AllowedValue = LargestElementOfInput / Input[i];
int j = 0;
while (j < Input.size())
{
if (Input[j] > AllowedValue)
break;
else if (j == i)
{
j++;
continue;
}
else
{
int Product = Input[i] * Input[j++];
if (Product == LargestElementOfInput)
return Product;
}
}
}
i++;
}
}
return -1;
}
Once you have sorted the array, then you can use it to your advantage as below.
One improvement I can see - since you want to find the max element that meets the criteria,
Start from the right most element of the array. (8)
Divide that with the first element of the array. (8/2 = 4).
Now continue with the double pointer approach, till the element at second pointer is less than the value from the step 2 above or the match is found. (i.e., till second pointer value is < 4 or match is found).
If the match is found, then you got the max element.
Else, continue the loop with next highest element from the array. (6).
Efficient solution:
2 3 8 6
Sort the array
keep 3 pointers C, B and A.
Keeping C at the last and A at 0 index and B at 1st index.
traverse the array using pointers A and B till C and check if A*B=C exists or not.
If it exists then C is your answer.
Else, Move C a position back and traverse again keeping A at 0 and B at 1st index.
Keep repeating this till you get the sum or C reaches at 1st index.
Here's the complete solution:
int arr[] = new int[]{2, 3, 8, 6};
Arrays.sort(arr);
int n=arr.length;
int a,b,c,prod,max=-1;
for(c=n-1;(c>1)&& (max==-1);c--){ // loop through C
for(a=0;(a<c-1)&&(max==-1);a++){ // loop through A
for(b=a+1;b<c;b++){ // loop through B
prod=arr[a]*arr[b];
if(prod==arr[c]){
System.out.println("A: "+arr[a]+" B: "+arr[b]);
max=arr[c];
break;
}
if(prod>arr[c]){ // no need to go further
break;
}
}
}
}
System.out.println(max);
I came up with below solution where i am using one array list, and following one formula:
divisor(a or b) X quotient(b or a) = dividend(c)
Sort the array.
Put array into Collection Col.(ex. which has faster lookup, and maintains insertion order)
Have 2 pointer a,c.
keep c at last, and a at 0.
try to follow (divisor(a or b) X quotient(b or a) = dividend(c)).
Check if a is divisor of c, if yes then check for b in col.(a
If a is divisor and list has b, then c is the answer.
else increase a by 1, follow step 5, 6 till c-1.
if max not found then decrease c index, and follow the steps 4 and 5.
Check this C# solution:
-Loop through each element,
-loop and multiply each element with other elements,
-verify if the product exists in the array and is the max
private static int GetGreatest(int[] input)
{
int max = 0;
int p = 0; //product of pairs
//loop through the input array
for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = i + 1; j < input.Length; j++)
{
p = input[i] * input[j];
if (p > max && Array.IndexOf(input, p) != -1)
{
max = p;
}
}
}
return max;
}
Time complexity O(n^2)

Breakdown of Drug's Dosage weight (mg) to tablets

I am writing a piece of code in c# to retreive number of tablets for a given dosage. For example, if a Dosage is 20 mg of DrugA (if DrugA comes in 10mg, 5mg and 2mg tablets) then the code would return (2). If Dosage is 15 then the code would return (1 & 1). If a dosage is 3 then Invalid Dosage message is returned. The code must use the highest denominations first i.e. 10mg tablets and then 5mg tablets for the remainder and so on. I am using recursive function (GetDispenseBreakdownForSingleDosage) to acheive the above functionality. My code is working fine for most of the scenarios that I tested. The one scenario that it is incorrectly returning Invalid Dosage is for 8mg dosage. The code should return (4) since 2mg tablets is a valid option. I have given my code below. My questions are:
1) Is there a better way of acheiving my objective than using my code.
2) What changes should I make to avoid the trap of 8mg as invalid dosage. It is returning it invalid because code divides 8 with 5 during second recursive call and remainder becomes 3, on third recursive call 3 is not divisible by 2 so code returns invalid dosage.
My code is given below:
public string GetDispenseBreakdown(PrescriptionsBLL Prescription, double[] IndexAndNonIndexDosageForBreakdown)
{
int[] NoOfTablets = new int[Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights.Count];
for (int Index = 1; Index <= IndexAndNonIndexDosageForBreakdown.Length; Index++)
{
GetDispenseBreakdownForSingleDosage(Prescription, ref NoOfTablets, IndexAndNonIndexDosageForBreakdown[(Index - 1)], Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights[0].Weight, 1);//assuming that index 0 will always contain the highest weight i.e. if a drug has 2, 5, 10 as drug weights then index 0 should always contain 10 as we are sorting by Desc
}
return ConvertNumberOfTabletsIntoString(NoOfTablets);
}
public void GetDispenseBreakdownForSingleDosage(PrescriptionsBLL Prescription, ref int[] NoOfTablets, double Dosage, double Weight, int WeightCount)
{
int LoopIteration;
string TempLoopIteration = (Dosage / Weight).ToString();
if (TempLoopIteration.Contains("."))
LoopIteration = (int)Math.Floor(Dosage / Weight);
else
LoopIteration = int.Parse(TempLoopIteration);
double TempDosage = Weight * LoopIteration;
int WeightTablets = LoopIteration;
double RemainingDosage = Math.Round((Dosage - TempDosage), 2);
NoOfTablets[(WeightCount - 1)] = NoOfTablets[(WeightCount - 1)] + WeightTablets;
if (WeightCount == Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights.Count && RemainingDosage > 0.0)
{
NoOfTablets[0] = -99999;//Invalid Dosage
return;
}
if (LoopIteration == 0 && Dosage > 0.0 && WeightCount == Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights.Count)
{
NoOfTablets[0] = -99999;//Invalid Dosage
return;
}
if (WeightCount == Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights.Count)
return;
GetDispenseBreakdownForSingleDosage(Prescription, ref NoOfTablets, RemainingDosage, Prescription.SelectedDrug.PrescriptionsDrugWeights[WeightCount].Weight, ++WeightCount);
}
public bool IsDosageValid(int[] NoOfTablets)
{
if (NoOfTablets[0] == -99999)
return false;
else
return true;
}
public string ConvertNumberOfTabletsIntoString(int[] NoOfTablets)
{
if (!IsDosageValid(NoOfTablets))
return "Dosage is Invalid";
string DispenseBreakDown = "(";
int ItemsAdded = 0;
for (int Count = 0; Count < NoOfTablets.Length; Count++)
{
if (NoOfTablets[Count] != 0)
{
if (ItemsAdded > 0)
DispenseBreakDown += " & " + NoOfTablets[Count];
else
DispenseBreakDown += NoOfTablets[Count];
ItemsAdded = ItemsAdded + 1;
}
}
DispenseBreakDown += ")";
return DispenseBreakDown;
}
This sounds like a version of the same logic required for coin change.
This site goes through that logic:
http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/dynamic-programming-set-7-coin-change/
You will also need to make a few adjustments:
You'll need to get back the possible results and accept the one that has highest number of larger pills.
You'll need to handle the possibility of no "correct change".
Here is a simple recursive method. Pass it the desired dosage and an empty list:
// Test if 2 floats are "equal", the difference between them
// is less than some predefined value (epsilon)
bool floatIsEqual(float f1, float f2)
{
float epsilon = 0.001f;
return Math.Abs(f1 - f2) <= epsilon;
}
static bool CalcDose(float desired, List<float> list)
{
// Order of array is important. Larger values will be attempted first
float[] sizes = new float[] { 8, 2, .4f, .2f };
// This path isn't working, return
if (desired < sizes[sizes.Length - 1])
{
return false;
}
// Try all combos
for (int i = 0; i < sizes.Length; i++)
{
if (floatIsEqual(desired, sizes[i]))
{
// Final step: perfect match
list.Add(sizes[i]);
return true;
}
if (sizes[i] <= desired)
{
// Attempt recursive call
if (true == CalcDose( desired - sizes[i], list))
{
// Success
list.Add(sizes[i]);
return true;
}
else break;
}
}
return false;
}

Search an integer in a row-sorted two dim array, is there any better approach?

I have recently come across with this problem,
you have to find an integer from a sorted two dimensional array. But the two dim array is sorted in rows not in columns. I have solved the problem but still thinking that there may be some better approach. So I have come here to discuss with all of you. Your suggestions and improvement will help me to grow in coding. here is the code
int searchInteger = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < x; i++)
{
if (intarry[i, 0] <= searchInteger && intarry[i,y-1] >= searchInteger)
{
if (intarry[i, 0] == searchInteger || intarry[i, y - 1] == searchInteger)
Console.WriteLine("string present {0} times" , ++cnt);
else
{
int[] array = new int[y];
int y1 = 0;
for (int k = 0; k < y; k++)
array[k] = intarry[i, y1++];
bool result;
if (result = binarySearch(array, searchInteger) == true)
{
Console.WriteLine("string present inside {0} times", ++ cnt);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
}
Where searchInteger is the integer we have to find in the array. and binary search is the methiod which is returning boolean if the value is present in the single dimension array (in that single row).
please help, is it optimum or there are better solution than this.
Thanks
Provided you have declared the array intarry, x and y as follows:
int[,] intarry =
{
{0,7,2},
{3,4,5},
{6,7,8}
};
var y = intarry.GetUpperBound(0)+1;
var x = intarry.GetUpperBound(1)+1;
// intarry.Dump();
You can keep it as simple as:
int searchInteger = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
var cnt=0;
for(var r=0; r<y; r++)
{
for(var c=0; c<x; c++)
{
if (intarry[r, c].Equals(searchInteger))
{
cnt++;
Console.WriteLine(
"string present at position [{0},{1}]" , r, c);
} // if
} // for
} // for
Console.WriteLine("string present {0} times" , cnt);
This example assumes that you don't have any information whether the array is sorted or not (which means: if you don't know if it is sorted you have to go through every element and can't use binary search). Based on this example you can refine the performance, if you know more how the data in the array is structured:
if the rows are sorted ascending, you can replace the inner for loop by a binary search
if the entire array is sorted ascending and the data does not repeat, e.g.
int[,] intarry = {{0,1,2}, {3,4,5}, {6,7,8}};
then you can exit the loop as soon as the item is found. The easiest way to do this to create
a function and add a return statement to the inner for loop.

Is it possible to do a Levenshtein distance in Excel without having to resort to Macros?

Let me explain.
I have to do some fuzzy matching for a company, so ATM I use a levenshtein distance calculator, and then calculate the percentage of similarity between the two terms. If the terms are more than 80% similar, Fuzzymatch returns "TRUE".
My problem is that I'm on an internship, and leaving soon. The people who will continue doing this do not know how to use excel with macros, and want me to implement what I did as best I can.
So my question is : however inefficient the function may be, is there ANY way to make a standard function in Excel that will calculate what I did before, without resorting to macros ?
Thanks.
If you came about this googling something like
levenshtein distance google sheets
I threw this together, with the code comment from milot-midia on this gist (https://gist.github.com/andrei-m/982927 - code under MIT license)
From Sheets in the header menu, Tools -> Script Editor
Name the project
The name of the function (not the project) will let you use the func
Paste the following code
function Levenshtein(a, b) {
if(a.length == 0) return b.length;
if(b.length == 0) return a.length;
// swap to save some memory O(min(a,b)) instead of O(a)
if(a.length > b.length) {
var tmp = a;
a = b;
b = tmp;
}
var row = [];
// init the row
for(var i = 0; i <= a.length; i++){
row[i] = i;
}
// fill in the rest
for(var i = 1; i <= b.length; i++){
var prev = i;
for(var j = 1; j <= a.length; j++){
var val;
if(b.charAt(i-1) == a.charAt(j-1)){
val = row[j-1]; // match
} else {
val = Math.min(row[j-1] + 1, // substitution
prev + 1, // insertion
row[j] + 1); // deletion
}
row[j - 1] = prev;
prev = val;
}
row[a.length] = prev;
}
return row[a.length];
}
You should be able to run it from a spreadsheet with
=Levenshtein(cell_1,cell_2)
While it can't be done in a single formula for any reasonably-sized strings, you can use formulas alone to compute the Levenshtein Distance between strings using a worksheet.
Here is an example that can handle strings up to 15 characters, it could be easily expanded for more:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AkZy12yffb5YdFNybkNJaE5hTG9VYkNpdW5ZOWowSFE&usp=sharing
This isn't practical for anything other than ad-hoc comparisons, but it does do a decent job of showing how the algorithm works.
looking at the previous answers to calculating Levenshtein distance, I think it would be impossible to create it as a formula.
Take a look at the code here
Actually, I think I just found a workaround. I was adding it in the wrong part of the code...
Adding this line
} else if(b.charAt(i-1)==a.charAt(j) && b.charAt(i)==a.charAt(j-1)){
val = row[j-1]-0.33; //transposition
so it now reads
if(b.charAt(i-1) == a.charAt(j-1)){
val = row[j-1]; // match
} else if(b.charAt(i-1)==a.charAt(j) && b.charAt(i)==a.charAt(j-1)){
val = row[j-1]-0.33; //transposition
} else {
val = Math.min(row[j-1] + 1, // substitution
prev + 1, // insertion
row[j] + 1); // deletion
}
Seems to fix the problem. Now 'biulding' is 92% accurate and 'bilding' is 88%. (whereas with the original formula 'biulding' was only 75%... despite being closer to the correct spelling of building)

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