I'm having difficulty using GroovyDocTool.
No matter what paths I pass into it, my rootDoc does not resolve to any packages, classes, or methods. I have to assume I'm just passing in the wrong paths, but for the life of me can't figure out what to pass.
class TestGroovyDoclet extends GroovyDocTool{
public TestGroovyDoclet() {
super([
'~/ ... /src/'
,'/home/ ... /src/ ... /Sample/'
,'/home/ ... /src/ ... /Sample/Results.groovy'
]);
}
public void Execute(){
System.out.println('Begin Processing Javadoc');
System.out.format(' p %d\n', rootDoc.specifiedPackages().length);
System.out.format(' c %d\n', rootDoc.classes().length);
System.out.println('Finished Processing Javadoc');
}
public static void main(String[] args){
(new TestGroovyDoclet()).with{
it.Execute();
}
}
}
What are considered valid parameters to pass into the GroovyRootDocBuilder?
The authors of GroovyDoc appear to have intended for its use from Ant. This means that there is no means to look up the files to be processed, since you should already know what files you are processing. The consumer must specify the individual files to be processed, and call buildPath to actually process the files. (see override of buildPath)
For those only wanting to interact with the Document Tree, GroovyDocTool is really of no value, and users would likely be better extending GroovyRootDocBuilder which actually contains the meat of the processing. If you are doing this, you may as well re-write the constructor to hide away GroovyDocTool altogether. (see the new Constructor)
class TestGroovyDoclet extends GroovyRootDocBuilder{
protected def sourcepaths = [];
public TestGroovyDoclet() {
//HARDCODE: some test values for my testing
this([
'~/ ... /src/'
,'/home/ ... /src/ ... /Sample/'
,'/home/ ... /src/ ... /Sample/Results.groovy'
]);
}
public TestGroovyDoclet(String[] sourcepaths) {
//hide the unused GroovyDocTool
super(new GroovyDocTool(), sourcepaths, new ArrayList<LinkArgument>(), new Properties());
this.sourcepaths = sourcepaths;
}
/**
* Builds the tree by recursively searching for files
* <p>
* It is likely useful to override the original buildTree
* method as well to put some safeties in place. The parsing
* routines do not do a lot of validation. For those of us
* inheritting, it would be a good idea to override build
* tree ot sanitize the input list as much as possible.
* </p>
*/
#Override
public void buildTree(){
def list = [];
// loop through the sourcepaths to recursively find the files
for (String sourcepath : sourcepaths) {
def root = new File(sourcepath);
if(root.exists()){
if(root.isFile()){
list << root.absolutePath;
}
else{
root.eachFileRecurse (FileType.FILES) { file -> list << file.absolutePath; };
}
}
}
buildTree(list);
}
/**
* Method to actually do the processing. Sample only, does not demonstrate anything useful.
*/
public void Execute(){
buildTree();
System.out.println('Begin Processing GroovyDoc');
System.out.format(' p %d\n', rootDoc.specifiedPackages().length);
//System.out.format(' c %d\n', rootDoc.classes().length);
int count = 0;
for(def p : rootDoc.specifiedPackages()){
count += p.allClasses().length;
}
System.out.format(' c %d\n', count);
System.out.println('Finished Processing GroovyDoc');
}
public static void main(String[] args){
(new TestGroovyDoclet()).with{
it.Execute();
}
}
}
The above code is not perfect, and not exactly what I came up with; rather the code is meant to highlight a few of the faulty assumptions contained in the OP, and mechanisms to work around them. It is not gauranteed to compile since it just cut/pastes elements of a larger re-write.
Weirdness:
Interestingly GroovyRootDoc.classes always returns null (unsure why). It was necessary to loop through each package, and inspect the classes that are a subset of each. This was surprising, but the desired usage anyway.
The code above only worked on groovy files, not java. I think GroovyDoc choked on some java1.8 syntax (but I'm not sure).
Related
I'm running into a problem with GroovyScriptEngine - it seems not to be able to work with inner classes. Anyone know whether there's some limitation in GroovyScriptEngine or a workaround?
I have a directory with these two files:
// MyClass.groovy
public class MyClass {
MyOuter m1;
MyOuter.MyInner m2;
}
and
// MyOuter.groovy
public class MyOuter {
public static class MyInner {}
}
I have a following test class:
import java.io.File;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import groovy.util.GroovyScriptEngine;
public class TestGroovyScriptEngine {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
final File myGroovySourceDir = new File("C:/MyGroovySourceDir");
final URL[] urls = { myGroovySourceDir.toURL() };
GroovyScriptEngine groovyScriptEngine = new GroovyScriptEngine(urls,
Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
Class<?> clazz = groovyScriptEngine.getGroovyClassLoader().loadClass("MyClass");
}
}
When I run it I get the following compilation error:
Exception in thread "main" org.codehaus.groovy.control.MultipleCompilationErrorsException: startup failed:
C:\MyGroovySourceDir\MyClass.groovy: 3: unable to resolve class MyOuter.MyInner
# line 3, column 2.
MyOuter.MyInner m2;
^
1 error
at org.codehaus.groovy.control.ErrorCollector.failIfErrors(ErrorCollector.java:311)
at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.applyToSourceUnits(CompilationUnit.java:983)
at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.doPhaseOperation(CompilationUnit.java:633)
at org.codehaus.groovy.control.CompilationUnit.compile(CompilationUnit.java:582)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.doParseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:354)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.access$300(GroovyClassLoader.java:87)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader$5.provide(GroovyClassLoader.java:323)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader$5.provide(GroovyClassLoader.java:320)
at org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.memoize.ConcurrentCommonCache.getAndPut(ConcurrentCommonCache.java:147)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.parseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:318)
at groovy.util.GroovyScriptEngine$ScriptClassLoader.doParseClass(GroovyScriptEngine.java:248)
at groovy.util.GroovyScriptEngine$ScriptClassLoader.parseClass(GroovyScriptEngine.java:235)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.parseClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:307)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.recompile(GroovyClassLoader.java:811)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.loadClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:767)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.loadClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:836)
at groovy.lang.GroovyClassLoader.loadClass(GroovyClassLoader.java:824)
I would have expected a "clean compile", but the inner class seems to be causing problems.
My groovy classes compile fine at the command line using groovyc, or in Eclipse.
You have faced an edge case here. To clarify what happens let's define the initial conditions:
you have a Java (or Groovy) class that gets executed inside JVM
you have two Groovy classes that get loaded outside of the JVM
The problem you have described does not exist if you put these two Groovy classes inside the same path you execute your Java class from - in this case IDE takes care to compile these Groovy classes and put them to the classpath of a JVM that gets started to run your Java test class.
But this is not your case and you are trying to load these two Groovy classes outside the running JVM using GroovyClassLoader (which extends URLClassLoader btw). I will try to explain in the simplest possible words what happened that adding field of type MyOuter does not throw any compilation error, but MyOuter.MyInner does.
When you execute:
Class<?> clazz = groovyScriptEngine.getGroovyClassLoader().loadClass("MyClass");
Groovy class loader goes to script file lookup part, because it was not able to find MyClass in the current classpath. This is the part responsible for it:
// at this point the loading from a parent loader failed
// and we want to recompile if needed.
if (lookupScriptFiles) {
// try groovy file
try {
// check if recompilation already happened.
final Class classCacheEntry = getClassCacheEntry(name);
if (classCacheEntry != cls) return classCacheEntry;
URL source = resourceLoader.loadGroovySource(name);
// if recompilation fails, we want cls==null
Class oldClass = cls;
cls = null;
cls = recompile(source, name, oldClass);
} catch (IOException ioe) {
last = new ClassNotFoundException("IOException while opening groovy source: " + name, ioe);
} finally {
if (cls == null) {
removeClassCacheEntry(name);
} else {
setClassCacheEntry(cls);
}
}
}
Source: src/main/groovy/lang/GroovyClassLoader.java#L733-L753
Here URL source = resourceLoader.loadGroovySource(name); it loads the full file URL to the source file and here cls = recompile(source, name, oldClass); it executes class compilation.
There are several phases involved in Groovy class compilation. One of them is Phase.SEMANTIC_ANALYSIS which analyses class fields and their types for instance. At this point ClassCodeVisitorSupport executes visitClass(ClassNode node) for MyClass class and following line
node.visitContents(this);
starts class contents processing. If we take a look at the source code of this method:
public void visitContents(GroovyClassVisitor visitor) {
// now let's visit the contents of the class
for (PropertyNode pn : getProperties()) {
visitor.visitProperty(pn);
}
for (FieldNode fn : getFields()) {
visitor.visitField(fn);
}
for (ConstructorNode cn : getDeclaredConstructors()) {
visitor.visitConstructor(cn);
}
for (MethodNode mn : getMethods()) {
visitor.visitMethod(mn);
}
}
Source: src/main/org/codehaus/groovy/ast/ClassNode.java#L1066-L108
we will see that it analyses and process class properties, fields, constructors and methods. At this phase it resolves all types defined for these elements. It sees that there are two properties m1 and m2 with types MyOuter and MyOuter.MyInner accordingly, and it executes visitor.visitProperty(pn); for them. This method executes the one we are looking for - resolve()
private boolean resolve(ClassNode type, boolean testModuleImports, boolean testDefaultImports, boolean testStaticInnerClasses) {
resolveGenericsTypes(type.getGenericsTypes());
if (type.isResolved() || type.isPrimaryClassNode()) return true;
if (type.isArray()) {
ClassNode element = type.getComponentType();
boolean resolved = resolve(element, testModuleImports, testDefaultImports, testStaticInnerClasses);
if (resolved) {
ClassNode cn = element.makeArray();
type.setRedirect(cn);
}
return resolved;
}
// test if vanilla name is current class name
if (currentClass == type) return true;
String typeName = type.getName();
if (genericParameterNames.get(typeName) != null) {
GenericsType gt = genericParameterNames.get(typeName);
type.setRedirect(gt.getType());
type.setGenericsTypes(new GenericsType[]{ gt });
type.setGenericsPlaceHolder(true);
return true;
}
if (currentClass.getNameWithoutPackage().equals(typeName)) {
type.setRedirect(currentClass);
return true;
}
return resolveNestedClass(type) ||
resolveFromModule(type, testModuleImports) ||
resolveFromCompileUnit(type) ||
resolveFromDefaultImports(type, testDefaultImports) ||
resolveFromStaticInnerClasses(type, testStaticInnerClasses) ||
resolveToOuter(type);
}
Source: src/main/org/codehaus/groovy/control/ResolveVisitor.java#L343-L378
This method gets executed for both MyOuter and MyOuter.MyInner classes. It is worth mentioning that class resolving mechanism only checks if given class is available in the classpath and it does not load or parse any classes. That is why MyOuter gets recognized when this method reaches resolveToOuter(type). If we take a quick look at its source code we will understand why it works for this class:
private boolean resolveToOuter(ClassNode type) {
String name = type.getName();
// We do not need to check instances of LowerCaseClass
// to be a Class, because unless there was an import for
// for this we do not lookup these cases. This was a decision
// made on the mailing list. To ensure we will not visit this
// method again we set a NO_CLASS for this name
if (type instanceof LowerCaseClass) {
classNodeResolver.cacheClass(name, ClassNodeResolver.NO_CLASS);
return false;
}
if (currentClass.getModule().hasPackageName() && name.indexOf('.') == -1) return false;
LookupResult lr = null;
lr = classNodeResolver.resolveName(name, compilationUnit);
if (lr!=null) {
if (lr.isSourceUnit()) {
SourceUnit su = lr.getSourceUnit();
currentClass.getCompileUnit().addClassNodeToCompile(type, su);
} else {
type.setRedirect(lr.getClassNode());
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
Source: src/main/org/codehaus/groovy/control/ResolveVisitor.java#L725-L751
When Groovy class loader tries to resolve MyOuter type name it reaches
lr = classNodeResolver.resolveName(name, compilationUnit);
which locates script with a name MyOuter.groovy and it creates a SourceUnit object associated with this script file name. It is simply something like saying "OK, this class is not in my classpath at the moment, but there is a source file I can see that once compiled it will provide a valid type of name MyOuter". This is why it finally reaches:
currentClass.getCompileUnit().addClassNodeToCompile(type, su);
where currentClass is an object associated with MyClass type - it adds this source unit to MyClass compilation unit, so it gets compiled with the MyClass class. And this is the point where resolving
MyOuter m1
class property ends.
In the next step it picks MyOuter.MyInner m2 property and it tries to resolve its type. Keep in mind - MyOuter got resolved correctly, but it didn't get loaded to the classpath, so it's static inner class does not exist in any scope, yet. It goes through the same resolving strategies as MyOuter, but any of them works for MyOuter.MyInner class. And this is why ResolveVisitor.resolveOrFail() eventually throws this compilation exception.
Workaround
OK, so we know what happens, but is there anything we can do about it? Luckily, there is a workaround for this problem. You can run your program and load MyClass successfully only if you load MyOuter class to Groovy script engine first:
import java.io.File;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import groovy.util.GroovyScriptEngine;
public class TestGroovyScriptEngine {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
final File myGroovySourceDir = new File("C:/MyGroovySourceDir");
final URL[] urls = { myGroovySourceDir.toURL() };
GroovyScriptEngine groovyScriptEngine = new GroovyScriptEngine(urls,
Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
groovyScriptEngine.getGroovyClassLoader().loadClass("MyOuter");
Class<?> clazz = groovyScriptEngine.getGroovyClassLoader().loadClass("MyClass");
}
}
Why does it work? Well, semantic analysis of MyOuter class does not cause any problems, because all types are known at this stage. This is why loading MyOuter class succeeds and it results in Groovy script engine instance knows what MyOuter and MyOuter.MyInner types are. So when you next load MyClass from the same Groovy script engine it will apply different resolving strategy - it will find both classes available to the current compilation unit and it wont have to resolve MyOuter class based on its Groovy script file.
Debugging
If you want to examine this use case better it is worth to run a debugger and see analyze what happens at the runtime. You can create a breakpoint at line 357 of ResolveVisitor.java file for instance, to see described scenario in action. Keep in mind one thing though - resolveFromDefaultImports(type, testDefaultImports) will try to lookup MyClass and MyOuter classes by applying default packages like java.util, java.io, groovy.lang etc. This resolve strategy kicks in before resolveToOuter(type) so you have to patiently jump through them. But it is worth it to see and get a better understanding about how things work. Hope it helps!
I have an antlr grammar in which embedded actions are used to collect data bottom up and build aggregated data structures. A short version is given below, where the aggregated data structures are only printed (ie no classes are created for them in this short sample code).
grammar Sample;
top returns [ArrayList l]
#init { $l = new ArrayList<String>(); }
: (mid { $l.add($mid.s); } )* ;
mid returns [String s]
: i1=identifier 'hello' i2=identifier
{ $s = $i1.s + " bye " + $i2.s; }
;
identifier returns [String s]
: ID { $s = $ID.getText(); } ;
ID : [a-z]+ ;
WS : [ \t\r\n]+ -> skip ;
Its corresponding Main program is:
public class Main {
public static void main( String[] args) throws Exception
{
SampleLexer lexer = new SampleLexer( new ANTLRFileStream(args[0]));
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream( lexer );
SampleParser parser = new SampleParser( tokens );
ArrayList<String> top = parser.top().l;
System.out.println(top);
}
}
And a sample test is:
aaa hello bbb
xyz hello pqr
Since one of the objectives of antlr is to keep the grammar file reusable and action-independent, I am trying to delete the actions from this file and move it to a tree walker. I took a first stab at it with the following code:
public class Main {
public static void main( String[] args) throws Exception
{
SampleLexer lexer = new SampleLexer( new ANTLRFileStream(args[0]));
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream( lexer );
SampleParser parser = new SampleParser( tokens );
ParseTree tree = parser.top();
ParseTreeWalker walker = new ParseTreeWalker();
walker.walk( new Walker(), tree );
}
}
public class Walker extends SampleBaseListener {
public void exitTop(SampleParser.TopContext ctx ) {
System.out.println( "Exit Top : " + ctx.mid() );
}
public String exitMid(SampleParser.MidContext ctx ) {
return ctx.identifier() + " bye "; // ignoring the 2nd instance here
}
public String exitIdentifier(SampleParser.IdentifierContext ctx ) {
return ctx.ID().getText() ;
}
}
But obviously this is wrong, because at the least, the return types of the Walker methods should be void, so they dont have a way to return aggregated values upstream. Secondly, I dont see a way how to access the "i1" and "i2" from the walker code, so I am not able to differentiate between the two instances of "identifier" in that rule.
Any suggestions on how to separate the actions from the grammar for this purpose?
Should I use a visitor instead of a listener here, since the visitor has the capability of returning values? If I use a visitor, how do I solve the problem of differentiating between "i1" and "i2" (as mentioned above)?
Does a visitor perform its action only at the exit of a rule (unlike the listeners, which exist for both entry and exit)? For example, if I have to initialize the list at the entry of rule "top", how can I do it with a visitor, which executes only at the conclusion of a rule? Do I need a enterTop listener for that purpose?
EDIT: After the initial post, I have modified the rule "top" to create and return a list, and pass this list back to the main program for printing. This is to illustrate why I need an initialization mechanism for the code.
Based on what you are trying to do I think you may benefit from using ANTLR's BaseVisitor Class rather than the BaseListener Class.
Assuming your grammar is this (I generalized it and I'll explain the changes below):
grammar Sample;
top : mid* ;
mid : i1=identifier 'hello' i2=identifier ;
identifier : ID ;
ID : [a-z]+ ;
WS : [ \t\r\n]+ -> skip ;
Then your Walker would look like this:
public class Walker extends SampleBaseVisitor<Object> {
public ArrayList<String> visitTop(SampleParser.TopContext ctx) {
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>();
for (SampleParser.MidContext midCtx : ctx.mid()) {
arrayList.add(visitMid(midCtx));
}
return arrayList;
}
public String visitMid(SampleParser.MidContext ctx) {
return visitIdentifier(ctx.i1) + " bye " + visitIdentifier(ctx.i2);
}
public String visitIdentifier(SampleParser.IdentifierContext ctx) {
return ctx.getText();
}
}
This allows you to visit and get the result of any rule you want.
You are able to access i1 and i2, as you labeled them through the visitor methods. Note that you don't really need the identifier rule since it contains only one token and you can access a token's text directly in the visitMid, but really it's personal preference.
You should also note that SampleBaseVisitor is a generic class, where the generic parameter determines the return type of the visit methods. For your example I set the generic parameter Object, but you could even make your own class which contains the information you want to preserve and use that for your generic parameter.
Here are some more useful methods which BaseVisitor inherits which may help you out.
Lastly, your main method would end up looking something like this:
public static void main( String[] args) throws IOException {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
SampleLexer lexer = new SampleLexer(CharStreams.fromStream(fileInputStream));
CommonTokenStream tokens = new CommonTokenStream(lexer);
SampleParser parser = new SampleParser(tokens);
for (String string : new Walker().visitTop(parser.top())) {
System.out.println(string);
}
}
As a side note, the ANTLRFileStream class is deprecated in ANTLR4.
It is recommend to use CharStreams instead.
As Terence Parr points out in the Definitive Reference, one main difference between Visitor and Listener is that the Visitor can return values. And that can be convenient. But Listener has a place too! What I do for listener is exemplified in this answer. Granted, there are simpler ways of parsing a list of numbers, but I made that answer to show a complete and working example of how to aggregate return values from a listener into a public data structure that can be consumed later.
public class ValuesListener : ValuesBaseListener
{
public List<double> doubles = new List<double>(); // <<=== SEE HERE
public override void ExitNumber(ValuesParser.NumberContext context)
{
doubles.Add(Convert.ToDouble(context.GetChild(0).GetText()));
}
}
Looking closely at the Listener class, I include a public data collection -- a List<double> in this case -- to collect values parsed or calculated in the listener events. You can use any data structure you like: another custom class, a list, a queue, a stack (great for calculations and expression evaluation), whatever you like.
So while the Visitor is arguably more flexible, the Listener is a strong contender too, depending on how you want to aggregate your results.
I have a java file which uses java.sql.Statement.execute as below.
public class Dummy
{
public void execute(String q) throws SQLException
{
...
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
...
stmt.execute(q);
...
}
}
My use case is I want to identify what are all the classes and their method names which use "Statement.execute(String)" using JDT ASTVisitor. Is this possible?
I found below entry using eclipse ASTView plugin.
method binding: Statement.execute(String)
How can I get this method binding value in my ASTVisitor.
I tried this.
#Override
public boolean visit(MethodInvocation node)
{
IMethodBinding iMethod = (IMethodBinding) node.resolveMethodBinding();
if(iMethod != null)
System.out.println("Binding "+iMethod.getName());
return super.visit(node);
}
but node.resolveMethodBinding() always returns null.
... i want to identify what are all the classes and its method names which using "Statement.execute(String)"
This sounds like a job for the org.eclipse.jdt.core.search.SearchEngine, which will produce the results much faster than traversing all your source files using a visitor.
... node.resolveMethodBinding() always returns null
This depends on how you obtained the AST. See, e.g., org.eclipse.jdt.core.dom.ASTParser.setResolveBindings(boolean)
So I want to add methods to JDK classes like InputStream, File, etc. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to do that, but it seems there are several options for doing it. One way is do this by adding methods into the metaClass property on the Class like so:
InputStream.metaClass.copy = { OutputStream out ->
long total = 0
byte[] buffer = new byte[8096]
int len
while ((len = read(buffer)) >= 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len)
total += len
}
out.flush()
return delegate
}
Another way is using dynamic mixins like this:
class EnhancedInputStream {
static {
InputStream.metaClass.mixin( EnhancedInputStream )
}
public InputStream copy( OutputStream out ) {
long total = 0
byte[] buffer = new byte[8096]
int len
while ((len = mixinOwner.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len)
total += len
}
out.flush()
return mixinOwner
}
}
So the first question is do dynamic Mixins replace the use of using metaClass + Closure to create mixins? The examples of dynamic mixins don't really discuss scoping rules in any detail that I can find. Which leads me to the next point.
You can see in the first code sample using metaClass I used delegate to get access to the this pointer of the class I was adding methods to. What is the equivalent way to do that using dynamic Mixins? All examples I've found are stateless (pointless really). I found one example mentioning a special member mixinOwner that could be used in place of delegate. Is that true?
Second you'll see I used a static block in EnhancedInputStream to add the mixin dynamically to InputStream. When using metaClass what is the best way to add those? Another static block with import statement?
I suppose I really want just a compile time Mixin where I can define the #Mixin on the source of the mixin instead of destination because I didn't write the destination. Like
#MixinInto(File)
public class EnhancedFileMixin {
public void zip( File output ) {
// .....
}
}
But that doesn't appear to exist in Groovy land. So what's the best approach to reach this using metaClass or dynamic mixins?
I guess the nearest to #MixinInto would be the magic package convention. I couldn't mix it into a interface, but i managed to mix it into a FileInputStream, if that suits your case. I guess you can add state using the MetaClass which comes in the constructor.
To write a class to be mixed into InputStream. It needs to be:
In the package groovy.runtime.metaclass.java.io
Named FileInputStreamMetaClass (exactly)
Compiled and put into the classpath
Extend DelegatingMetaClass
It can only intercept the GroovyObject methods, so it is not so straightforward. If you are in for a pure dynamic groovy, it is great:
package groovy.runtime.metaclass.java.io
class FileInputStreamMetaClass extends DelegatingMetaClass {
FileInputStreamMetaClass(MetaClass meta) {
super(meta)
println "built FileInputStreamMetaClass"
}
Object invokeMethod(Object delegate, String method, Object[] args) {
switch (method) {
case "copy":
return "i'm copying stuff"
default:
return super.invokeMethod(delegate, method, args)
}
}
}
Compiling:
$ groovyc FileInputStreamMetaClass.groovy
$ groovy -cp . InputTest.groovy
A test:
InputStream input = new FileInputStream("/tmp/test.tmp")
assert input.copy() == "i'm copying stuff"
A bit cumbersome.
I'd go for Extensions any time of the day. Three files:
// file META-INF/services/org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.ExtensionModule
moduleName=InputExtensionModule
moduleVersion=0.1
extensionClasses=InputStreamExtension
The extension:
class InputStreamExtension {
static String copy(InputStream input) {
"copying stuff, doc"
}
}
The test:
def input = new FileInputStream("/tmp/test.tmp")
assert input.copy() == "copying stuff, doc"
Compile and run:
$ groovyc InputStreamExtension.groovy
$ groovy ISExtensionTest.groovy
And i think the extension is the perfect place to use the static { mixin } block. With some changes:
class InputStreamExtension {
static {
InputStream.mixin InputStreamMixin
}
static String copy(InputStream input) { "copying stuff, doc" }
}
#Category(InputStream)
class InputStreamMixin {
Object pop() {
"input mixin pop"
}
}
A new test:
def input = new FileInputStream("/tmp/test.tmp")
assert input.copy() == "copying stuff, doc"
assert input.pop() == "input mixin pop"
Well I finally figured it out on my own. Essentially the this reference refers to the instance of the Mixin which doesn't do us much good. However, you can use the "as" keyword to convert that to the instance of the target class. For example:
class MyMixin {
static {
File mixin MyMixin
}
File foo() {
return this as File
}
}
File f = new File()
println( f.foo().equals( f ) )
As for mixinOwner and owner references that the jira bug refers to. They don't exist. This is the only way to get a reference to the instance that the mixin was added to.
I wrote up a longer blogpost about it because I thought this was important information for future Groovy programmers since there is zero official docs discussing this.
http://wrongnotes.blogspot.com/2013/06/groovy-mixins-and-this-pointer.html
I am glad you asked this question. To answer a very important question:
I suppose I really want just a compile time Mixin where I can define the #Mixin on the source of the mixin instead of destination because I didn't write the destination.
You cannot achieve this by #Mixin but we do have something in Groovy which will help you out. It is called #Category. Let me go through your example again to show you how you can actually effectively use this in category. Have a look at the below script:
#Category(InputStream)
class InputStreamCategory{
def copy(OutputStream out){
long total = 0
byte[] buffer = new byte[8096]
int len
while ((len = this.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, len)
total += len
}
out.flush()
return this
}
}
class MyUtil{
def str = 'This is a dummy String!!!!'
InputStream inputS = new ByteArrayInputStream(str.bytes)
OutputStream outputS = new ByteArrayOutputStream()
def copy(){
use(InputStreamCategory){
inputS.copy(outputS)
println "Printing Output Stream: " + outputS
}
}
}
def util = new MyUtil()
util.copy()
//Prints:
Printing Output Stream: This is a dummy String!!!!
Explanation:-
#Category(InputStream) sets the this in InputStreamCategory and in your util class you just use the newly added method copy to InputStream. The benefit for using category is that you get hold of the caller object in this case inputS. The first parameter passed into a category always refers to the caller. You can have different categories for different implementations like FileCategory etc and then create an Utility Class to use those Categories. Therefore, you would end up with utilities like zip, copy, etc.
You could get detail information about the same from the api. I also highly recommend going through Category and Mixin Transformations.
To answer the first question:-
do dynamic Mixins replace the use of using metaClass + Closure to create mixins?
No they do not. metaClass implementation does not create a Mixin. It just adds another method in the metaData registry about the class while runtime. You get an handle to the delegate. On the other hand #Mixin gives you the ability to inherit pre-defined properties.
I'm writing a Groovy script based on commons-io that monitors some source directory and synchronizes its files with some destination directory.
#Grab(group='commons-io', module='commons-io', version='2.4')
import org.apache.commons.io.monitor.*
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils
class BaseSynchronizedFileListener extends FileAlterationListenerAdaptor {
def srcDir
def destDir
/* Given a source file, returns the destination file */
File destination(File file) {
new File(destDir, file.getAbsolutePath() - srcDir.getAbsolutePath())
}
}
class CopyOnWriteListener extends BaseSynchronizedFileListener {
#Override
void onFileChange(File file) {
FileUtils.copyFile(file, destination(file))
}
#Override
void onFileCreate(File file) {
FileUtils.copyFile(file, destination(file))
}
}
class DeleteOnDeleteListener extends BaseSynchronizedFileListener {
#Override
void onFileDelete(File file) {
FileUtils.deleteQuietly(destination(file))
}
}
In addition to straight file copies, I want to support Less->CSS compilation, wherein .less files in the source directory are synchronized with .css files in the destination directory.
#Grab(group='org.lesscss', module='lesscss', version='1.3.3')
import org.lesscss.LessCompiler
class CompileLessOnWriteListener extends BaseSynchronizedFileListener {
def compiler = new LessCompiler()
#Override
File destination(File file) {
File dest = super.destination(file)
new File(dest.parentFile, dest.name - '.less' + '.css')
}
void compile(File less) {
compiler.compile(less, destination(less))
}
#Override
void onFileChange(File less) {
compile(less)
}
#Override
void onFileCreate(File less) {
compile(less)
}
}
The problem I'm encountering is when I attempt to create class DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener to handle the situation when .less files are deleted (which, in turn, deletes the corresponding .css file) -- the code I need to do this exists in two different inheritance trees.
CompileLessOnWriteListener contains the destination() method
DeleteOnDeleteListener contains the onFileDelete() method to delete the CSS file returned by the destination() method
Is there a "Groovy way" to selectively mixin or inherit methods from both of these classes into a new class?
Or do I just need to bite the bullet and create a common super class for CompileLessOnWriteListener and DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener?
Update
Changed the implementation. Lets see if i got the idea. You need:
Inherit two methods
"Inherit" constructor
It needs to be an instance of an interface
I think a heavy metaprogramming helps here. We can declare two objects to DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener delegate methods to, and these objects will be accessing properties from it.
For the interface, i think you are better using the as Interface operator.
Dynamically "inherit" the constructors may get tricky. Since it is only two properties, i've declared them. You can delegate the getProperty/setProperty to one of the other two objects, if you prefer DRYing your code:
class DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener {
def destDir, srcDir
def onLessDelete(file) {
onFileDelete destination( file )
}
}
class CompileLessOnWriteListener {
def destination(file) {
"destination $file from $srcDir"
}
}
class DeleteOnDeleteListener {
def onFileDelete(file) {
"onFileDelete $file and $destDir"
}
}
def delete = new DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener(destDir: "dest/dir", srcDir: "src/dir")
def compileLess = new CompileLessOnWriteListener()
def deleteOnDelete = new DeleteOnDeleteListener()
delete.metaClass {
destination = compileLess.&destination
onFileDelete = deleteOnDelete.&onFileDelete
}
compileLess.metaClass.getProperty = { property -> delete.getProperty property }
deleteOnDelete.metaClass.getProperty = { property -> delete.getProperty property }
assert delete.onLessDelete("style.less") == "onFileDelete destination style.less from src/dir and dest/dir"
It's not very "Groovy", in my opinion, nor very efficient looking, but at least this approach solves my problem without having to create a common superclass:
class DeleteCssOnDeleteLessListener extends DeleteOnDeleteListener {
#Override
File destination(File f) {
new CompileLessOnWriteListener(destDir: this.destDir, srcDir: this.srcDir).destination(f)
}
}