why the opengl can't print string - string

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <gl/glut.h>
void resizeEvent(int w, int h)
{
glViewport(0, 0, w, h);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0, w, h, 0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void displayEvent()
{
glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glutSwapBuffers();
char text[] = "Hello World!";
glRasterPos2d(110, 110);
glColor3f(1, 0, 0);
for(int i=0; text[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_8_BY_13, text[i]);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(400, 300);
glutInitWindowPosition(0, 0);
glutCreateWindow("Hello");
glutDisplayFunc(displayEvent);
glutReshapeFunc(resizeEvent);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
I learn from a ppt,and think it will print a string.But it does not work .I search from google,but no answer. I don't know why it can't print a string.
if glutBitmapCharacter is wrong ?

All the commands in opengl, renders on the frame buffer only when flush or finish call happens, so all your commands are still in queue and yet to be displayed on frame buffer. You need to call glFlush/glFinish at the end, glut provides glutSwapBuffers, so in the end of your displayEvent function you need to call glutSwapBuffers to see the effect of your displayEvent function.

Related

How to prevent gtk redrawing the entire GtkDrawingArea?

This is my code. I hope it can draw a circle when users press button. The circel is centered around the point where the mouse key pressed. But the program doesn't run as expected. It clears the pre-circles and draws a new circle. Are there some functions to solve this problem?
My codes:
#include <gtk/gtk.h>
static void do_drawing(cairo_t *);
struct {
int count;
double coordx[100];
double coordy[100];
} glob;
static gboolean on_draw_event(GtkWidget *widget, cairo_t *cr,
gpointer user_data)
{
do_drawing(cr);
return FALSE;
}
static void do_drawing(cairo_t *cr)
{
cairo_set_source_rgb(cr, 0, 0, 0);
cairo_set_line_width(cr, 0.5);
if(glob.count)
{
cairo_set_font_size(cr, 20);
cairo_new_sub_path(cr);
cairo_arc(cr, glob.coordx[glob.count-1], glob.coordy[glob.count-1], 20, 0, 2*G_PI);
cairo_move_to(cr, glob.coordx[glob.count-1]-3, glob.coordy[glob.count-1] + 7);
cairo_show_text(cr, "i");
cairo_stroke(cr);
}
}
static gboolean clicked(GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event,
gpointer user_data)
{
if (event->button == 1) {
glob.coordx[glob.count] = event->x;
glob.coordy[glob.count++] = event->y;
gtk_widget_queue_draw(widget);
}
return TRUE;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *darea;
glob.count = 0;
gtk_init(&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
darea = gtk_drawing_area_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), darea);
gtk_widget_add_events(darea, GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(darea), "draw",
G_CALLBACK(on_draw_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect(window, "destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL);
g_signal_connect(darea, "button-press-event",
G_CALLBACK(clicked), NULL);
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 400, 300);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Lines");
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
I know the gtk_widget_queue_draw(widget) will redraw the GtkDrawingArea entirely, So which function can replace it? I have another question: If I wan to draw on GtkDrawingArea, should I create cairo_t before drawing? How to create a cairo_t for GtkDrawingArea?

X11 XGrabPointer, how do I clear all the events before I release the mouse?

I am able to grab the mouse, but my problem is that the mouse events that happen while the mouse is grabbed are just queued, and happen after I release the mouse.
this is the code I have until now:
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/Xos.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
XEvent e;
Display* dispaly = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
Window window = XDefaultRootWindow(dispaly);
unsigned int count = 0;
XGrabPointer(dispaly, window, true, PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask, GrabModeSync, GrabModeAsync, None, None, CurrentTime);
while(count < 500000) {
if (XPending(dispaly))
XNextEvent(dispaly, &e);
count++;
printf("%d\n", count);
}
XFlush(dispaly);
XCloseDisplay(dispaly);
scanf("%d", &count);
printf("end\n");
return 0;
}
as you can see, I tried consuming the all the events in numerous ways, like with XPending and XNextEvent, with XFlush, and also with XSync.
No matter what function I tried, all the mouse events I do while the mouse is grabbed just happen after I close the display.
can someone help?
Create window:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <X11/X.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
int main()
{
Display* disp = XOpenDisplay(NULL);
Window root = XDefaultRootWindow(disp);
int scr = XDefaultScreen(disp);
GC context = XDefaultGC(disp, scr);
ulong fg = BlackPixel(disp, scr); // fg color
ulong bg = WhitePixel(disp, scr); // bg color
int depth = 1;
Window win = XCreateSimpleWindow(disp, root, 0, 0, 50, 50, depth, fg, bg);
long events =
ExposureMask |
ButtonPressMask |
ButtonReleaseMask |
PointerMotionMask;
XSelectInput(disp, win, events);
XMapWindow(disp, win);
XFlush(disp);
unsigned int masks = PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
XGrabPointer(
disp, win, true, masks, GrabModeSync, GrabModeAsync, None, None, CurrentTime
);
Catch pointer events:
XEvent event;
do {
XNextEvent(disp, &event);
switch (event.type) {
case ButtonPress :
printf("pressed %i\n", event.xbutton.button);
break;
case ButtonRelease :
printf("released %i\n", event.xbutton.button);
break;
case MotionNotify :
printf("move x %i y %i\n", event.xmotion.x, event.xmotion.y);
break;
default : break;
}
usleep(1000);
} while (true);
XCloseDisplay(disp);
return 0;
}
Or if you need to capture all events inside the root window, you may use XQueryPointer instead of XNextEvent:
...
Window root_ret;
Window child_ret;
int x_rel, y_rel;
int x_win, y_win;
unsigned int mask;
do {
XQueryPointer(
disp, root,
&root_ret, &child_ret,
&x_rel, &y_rel, &x_win, &y_win,
&mask);
printf("%d %d\n", x_rel, y_rel);
usleep(1000);
) while (true);
...
Information above would be a good start point to yours researches.
If you log out these two lines of code, you can also get mouse events.
unsigned int masks = PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask;
XGrabPointer(disp, win, 1, masks, GrabModeSync, GrabModeAsync, None, None, CurrentTime);

OpenGL glutSwapBuffers does not draw the scene

So this is really odd, I'm on ubuntu and when I try running this sample program I can't get the window to show up properly. If I switch it to glFlush and to use GLUT_SINGLE instead of GLUT_DOUBLE then it works perfectly fine. Any reason why this is happening?
#include <iostream>
#include <GL/glut.h>
using namespace std;
// Initialization routine.
void setup(void)
{
glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
}
// Drawing routine.
void drawScene(void)
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0);
glColor3f(1,0,1);
glutSolidCube(1);
glutSwapBuffers();
//glFlush();
}
// OpenGL window reshape routine.
void resize(int w, int h)
{
glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei)w, (GLsizei)h);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
gluPerspective(90.0, (float)w/(float)h, 1.0, 100.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
}
// Main routine.
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB);
//glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500, 500);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glutCreateWindow("Test");
setup();
glutDisplayFunc(drawScene);
glutReshapeFunc(resize);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
Don't tempt fate, reset your matrices every time through your display callback:
#include <GL/glut.h>
void drawScene()
{
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
double w = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH );
double h = glutGet( GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT );
gluPerspective(60, w / h, 1.0, 100.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
gluLookAt(1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0);
glColor3f(1,0,1);
glutSolidCube(1);
glutSwapBuffers();
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB);
glutInitWindowSize(500, 500);
glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
glutCreateWindow("Test");
glutDisplayFunc(drawScene);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
Also, setting the eye and center points in gluLookAt() to the same position is Bad (see the calculation of the F and f vectors).

rendering shapes and text on the desktop (click through)

For Windows 7, what is the simplest way to render arbitrary shapes and text straight onto the desktop?
It must have the following properties:
1) Visible and always on top
3) Semi-transparent
2) Click through and type through, as if the objects are not there
Some notable examples range from the simple Fraps which renders framerate, to the complex Rainmeter which has tons of functionality.
EDIT0: I've looked at the Rainmeter sourcecode but I still have no idea how it renders objects...
EDIT1: Window Hud Behavior (Pass through clicks, can't be minimized) (Solutions such as this seem extremely restrictive, there must be a way to render stuff with as much freedom as Rainmeter?)
i am still working on it but here is part of it:
#include <algorithm>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <conio.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <cstdio>
#include <glut.h>
#include <io.h>
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "wininet.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "Urlmon.lib")
#pragma comment(linker, "/subsystem:windows /ENTRY:mainCRTStartup")
HINSTANCE hInstance;
POINT Mouse;
HWND hwnd;
RECT rect;
HDC dc;
float Size = 100;
float angle = 0;
bool Dirty = false;
char TEX;
int posX = 0;
int posY = 0;
int storedDC;
void GetDesktopResolution(int& w, int& h){
RECT desktop;
const HWND hDesktop = GetDesktopWindow();
GetWindowRect(hDesktop, &desktop);
w = desktop.right;
h = desktop.bottom;
}
void EX(){
delete hInstance;
delete hwnd;
exit(0);
}
void Keys(){
if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE)){
exit(0);
}
if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LBUTTON) && GetAsyncKeyState(VK_CONTROL)){
}
}
void Draw(){
int h;
int w;
//Declair Desktop Size
GetDesktopResolution(w, h);
angle += 0.1f;
if (angle >= 2 * 3.141592f){
angle -= 2 * 3.141592f;
}
GetCursorPos(&Mouse);
if (Dirty == true){
rect = { 0, 0, w, h };
RedrawWindow(hwnd, &rect, NULL, RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_ERASE | RDW_UPDATENOW);
posX = Mouse.x;
posY = Mouse.y;
RedrawWindow(hwnd, &rect, NULL, RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_ERASE | RDW_UPDATENOW);
Dirty = false;
}
dc = GetDC(hwnd);
storedDC = SaveDC(dc);
//DEFAULT_CHARSET - ANSI_CHARSET
HFONT FMain = CreateFont(36, 20, -300, 0, FW_DONTCARE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE, DEFAULT_CHARSET, OUT_OUTLINE_PRECIS,
CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, CLEARTYPE_QUALITY, VARIABLE_PITCH, TEXT("Times New Roman"));
SetTextColor(dc, RGB(255, 255, 255));
SetBkColor(dc, RGB(0, 255, 0));
SelectObject(dc, FMain);
TextOut(dc, 15, 15, L"This is what the program does!", 30);
RedrawWindow(hwnd, &rect, NULL, RDW_NOERASE | RDW_INVALIDATE | RDW_UPDATENOW);
RestoreDC(dc, storedDC);
ReleaseDC(hwnd, dc);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv){
int h;
int w;
//Declair Desktop Size
GetDesktopResolution(w, h);
// find Program Manager
hwnd = FindWindowEx(GetDesktopWindow(), 0, L"Progman", L"Program Manager");
// find SHELLDLL_DefView
hwnd = FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0, L"SHELLDLL_DefView", 0);
// find Desktop Folder
hwnd = FindWindowEx(hwnd, 0, L"SysListView32", L"FolderView");
if (hwnd == NULL){
MessageBox(NULL, L"Could not initiate window!", L"ERROR!", MB_OK);
EX();
}
while (1){
Keys();
Draw();
}
//Remove the drawing
rect = { Mouse.x - 50, Mouse.y - 50, Mouse.x + 50, Mouse.y + 50 };
InvalidateRect(hwnd, &rect, true);
delete hInstance;
delete hwnd;
return 0;
}

Looking for code samples for Direct3D tessellation

I am trying to learn how to use the Direct3D function D3DXTessellateRectPatch:
msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb205471(v=VS.85).aspx
I have found the MSDN documentation quite useful and have been able to implement tessellation of a
single rectangle patch.
I am now trying to tesselate a mesh that consists of thirty two bicubic Bezier 3D patches (the Utah teapot).
I have tried a simple approach - tesselate each Bezier curve individually, then join the vertices and
indices appropriately, taking into account vertex offsets, to create a tessellated merged mesh.
However, this does not quite seem to have the desired result.
If anyone has hints on this problem or, even better, code samples, much appreciated.
Specifically, I have checked:
Www.directxtutorial.com
http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Game-Programming-Direct-9-0c/dp/1598220160/
And another Direct3D reference, as well as Google.
Thank you and look forward to your advice/pointers.
Yours
Misha
Tim C Schroeder has been a huge help and suggested I use ID3DXPatchMesh. Here is some sample code that generates a tessellated teapot (place in file tester.cpp):
// Main D3DX framework from www.directxtutorial.com (free section)
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// include the basic windows header files and the Direct3D header file
#include <windows.h>
#include <windowsx.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>
// define the screen resolution
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 800
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 600
// include the Direct3D Library files
#pragma comment (lib, "d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx9.lib")
// global declarations
LPDIRECT3D9 d3d;
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev;
LPD3DXMESH mesh = NULL; // define the mesh pointer
// function prototypes
void initD3D(HWND hWnd);
void render_frame(void);
void cleanD3D(void);
void init_graphics(void);
struct vertex_data
{
D3DXVECTOR3 position;
DWORD color;
};
#define FVF_VERTEX_DATA (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)
// the WindowProc function prototype
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
// the entry point for any Windows program
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
WNDCLASSEX wc;
ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));
wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wc.hInstance = hInstance;
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wc.lpszClassName = "WindowClass";
RegisterClassEx(&wc);
hWnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, "WindowClass", "Our Direct3D Program",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
initD3D(hWnd);
MSG msg;
while(TRUE)
{
while(PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
if(msg.message == WM_QUIT)
break;
render_frame();
}
cleanD3D();
return msg.wParam;
}
// this is the main message handler for the program
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for use
void initD3D(HWND hWnd)
{
d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);
D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));
d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd;
d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;
d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH;
d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = SCREEN_HEIGHT;
d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;
d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,
D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hWnd,
D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
&d3dpp,
&d3ddev);
init_graphics();
d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE); // turn off the 3D lighting
d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE); // turn off culling
d3ddev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE); // turn on the z-buffer
}
// this is the function used to render a single frame
void render_frame(void)
{
d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);
d3ddev->BeginScene();
d3ddev->SetFVF(FVF_VERTEX_DATA);
// set the view transform
D3DXMATRIX matView; // the view transform matrix
D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView,
&D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 8.0f, 25.0f), // the camera position
&D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), // the look-at position
&D3DXVECTOR3 (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)); // the up direction
d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView); // set the view transform to matView
// set the projection transform
D3DXMATRIX matProjection; // the projection transform matrix
D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProjection,
D3DXToRadian(45), // the horizontal field of view
(FLOAT)SCREEN_WIDTH / (FLOAT)SCREEN_HEIGHT, // aspect ratio
1.0f, // the near view-plane
100.0f); // the far view-plane
d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProjection); // set the projection
// set the world transform
static float index = 0.0f; index+=0.03f; // an ever-increasing float value
D3DXMATRIX matRotateY; // a matrix to store the rotation for each triangle
D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotateY, index); // the rotation matrix
d3ddev->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &(matRotateY)); // set the world transform
if (mesh) mesh->DrawSubset(0);
d3ddev->EndScene();
d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
}
// this is the function that cleans up Direct3D and COM
void cleanD3D(void)
{
if (mesh) mesh->Release();
d3ddev->Release();
d3d->Release();
}
#define MAX_PATCHES 1000
#define POINTS_PER_PATCH 16
int num_patches = -1;
int patches[MAX_PATCHES][POINTS_PER_PATCH];
void B_patch(int ii, int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h, int i, int j, int k, int l, int m, int n, int o, int p)
{
assert(ii < MAX_PATCHES);
patches[ii][0] = a-1;
patches[ii][1] = b-1;
patches[ii][2] = c-1;
patches[ii][3] = d-1;
patches[ii][4] = e-1;
patches[ii][5] = f-1;
patches[ii][6] = g-1;
patches[ii][7] = h-1;
patches[ii][8] = i-1;
patches[ii][9] = j-1;
patches[ii][10] = k-1;
patches[ii][11] = l-1;
patches[ii][12] = m-1;
patches[ii][13] = n-1;
patches[ii][14] = o-1;
patches[ii][15] = p-1;
assert(POINTS_PER_PATCH==16);
}
#define MAX_POINTS 1000
int num_points = -1;
D3DXVECTOR3 points[MAX_POINTS];
void B_point(int ii, double x, double y, double z)
{
ii--;
assert(ii < MAX_POINTS);
points[ii].x = x;
/*** Y AND Z FLIPPED ***/
points[ii].y = z;
points[ii].z = y;
}
// BEGIN http://www.sjbaker.org/teapot/teaset.tgz
/*
* The file input.c -- Juhana Kouhia, jk87377#cs.tut.fi, Oct. 25, 1991
*
* Load_patch(filename, patches, vertices);
* char *filename; int *patches, *vertices;
* A sample program to read Bezier patches in.
* Returns count of patches and vertices.
* User defined subroutines:
* B_patch(ii, a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p);
* int ii, a, b, ..., p;
* Defines one Bezier patch with index number ii,
* indexes to points are in a, b, c, ..., p.
* B_point(ii, x, y, z);
* int ii; double x, y, z;
* Defines one point with index number ii.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
// Modified to work with g++
void Load_patch(char *filename, int *patches, int *vertices)
{
int ii;
float x,y,z;
int a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p;
FILE *fp;
if (!(fp = fopen(filename,"r"))) {
fprintf(stderr,"Load_patch: Can't open %s\n",filename);
exit(1);
}
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i\n",patches);
for (ii = 0; ii < *patches; ii++) {
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i, %i, %i, %i,",&a,&b,&c,&d);
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i, %i, %i, %i,",&e,&f,&g,&h);
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i, %i, %i, %i,",&i,&j,&k,&l);
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i, %i, %i, %i\n",&m,&n,&o,&p);
B_patch(ii, a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p);
}
(void)fscanf(fp,"%i\n",vertices);
for (ii = 1; ii <= *vertices; ii++) {
(void)fscanf(fp,"%f, %f, %f\n",&x,&y,&z);
B_point(ii, (double)x,(double)y,(double)z);
}
}
// END http://www.sjbaker.org/teapot/teaset.tgz
// this is the function that puts the 3D models into video RAM
void init_graphics(void)
{
// load patch
char filename[255];
sprintf(filename,"teapot");
Load_patch(filename,&num_patches,&num_points);
printf("Loaded patch %s with %d patches and %d vertices.\n",
filename,num_patches,num_points);
// create declarator from FVF
D3DVERTEXELEMENT9 inDecl[MAX_FVF_DECL_SIZE];
if (!SUCCEEDED(D3DXDeclaratorFromFVF(FVF_VERTEX_DATA,inDecl)))
assert(FALSE);
// create patch mesh
LPD3DXPATCHMESH p_mesh;
D3DXPATCHINFO info;
info.PatchType = D3DXPATCHMESH_RECT;
info.Degree = D3DDEGREE_CUBIC;
info.Basis = D3DBASIS_BEZIER;
if (!SUCCEEDED(D3DXCreatePatchMesh(&info,num_patches,num_points,0,inDecl,d3ddev,&p_mesh)))
assert(FALSE);
assert(p_mesh->GetControlVerticesPerPatch()==POINTS_PER_PATCH);
// copy vertices
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 v_buffer = NULL;
if (!SUCCEEDED(p_mesh->GetVertexBuffer(&v_buffer)))
assert(FALSE);
struct vertex_data* vertex_data = NULL;
DWORD number_of_vertices=p_mesh->GetNumVertices();
assert(number_of_vertices==num_points);
if (!SUCCEEDED(v_buffer->Lock(0,number_of_vertices*sizeof(struct vertex_data),(void **)&vertex_data,D3DLOCK_DISCARD)))
assert(FALSE);
for (int i=0; i<num_points; i++)
{
vertex_data[i].position.x = points[i].x;
vertex_data[i].position.y = points[i].y;
vertex_data[i].position.z = points[i].z;
vertex_data[i].color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,0,0);
}
v_buffer->Unlock();
v_buffer->Release();
// copy indices
LPDIRECT3DINDEXBUFFER9 i_buffer = NULL;
if (!SUCCEEDED(p_mesh->GetIndexBuffer(&i_buffer)))
assert(FALSE);
D3DINDEXBUFFER_DESC i_buffer_desc;
if (!SUCCEEDED(i_buffer->GetDesc(&i_buffer_desc)))
assert(FALSE);
assert(i_buffer_desc.Size==num_patches*POINTS_PER_PATCH*sizeof(WORD));
WORD* index_data = NULL;
if (!SUCCEEDED(i_buffer->Lock(0,0,(void **)&index_data,D3DLOCK_DISCARD)))
assert(FALSE);
int idx=0;
for (int i=0; i<num_patches; i++)
{
for (int j=0; j<POINTS_PER_PATCH; j++)
{
index_data[idx] = patches[i][j];
idx++;
}
}
i_buffer->Unlock();
i_buffer->Release();
// create mesh for tesselation
FLOAT fTessLevel=1.0f;
DWORD Adaptive=FALSE;
DWORD NumTriangles,NumVertices;
if (!SUCCEEDED(p_mesh->GetTessSize(fTessLevel,Adaptive,&NumTriangles,&NumVertices)))
assert(FALSE);
if (!SUCCEEDED(D3DXCreateMeshFVF(NumTriangles,NumVertices,D3DXMESH_MANAGED,FVF_VERTEX_DATA,d3ddev,&mesh)))
assert(FALSE);
// tesselate
assert(Adaptive==FALSE);
if (!SUCCEEDED(p_mesh->Tessellate(fTessLevel,mesh)))
assert(FALSE);
printf("Generated tesselated mesh with %d triangles, %d vertices\n",NumTriangles,NumVertices);
p_mesh->Release();
}
The teapot data (place in file teapot) is (from http://www.sjbaker.org/teapot/teaset.tgz):
32
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16
4,17,18,19,8,20,21,22,12,23,24,25,16,26,27,28
19,29,30,31,22,32,33,34,25,35,36,37,28,38,39,40
31,41,42,1,34,43,44,5,37,45,46,9,40,47,48,13
13,14,15,16,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60
16,26,27,28,52,61,62,63,56,64,65,66,60,67,68,69
28,38,39,40,63,70,71,72,66,73,74,75,69,76,77,78
40,47,48,13,72,79,80,49,75,81,82,53,78,83,84,57
57,58,59,60,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96
60,67,68,69,88,97,98,99,92,100,101,102,96,103,104,105
69,76,77,78,99,106,107,108,102,109,110,111,105,112,113,114
78,83,84,57,108,115,116,85,111,117,118,89,114,119,120,93
121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136
124,137,138,121,128,139,140,125,132,141,142,129,136,143,144,133
133,134,135,136,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,69,153,154,155
136,143,144,133,148,156,157,145,152,158,159,149,155,160,161,69
162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177
165,178,179,162,169,180,181,166,173,182,183,170,177,184,185,174
174,175,176,177,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197
177,184,185,174,189,198,199,186,193,200,201,190,197,202,203,194
204,204,204,204,207,208,209,210,211,211,211,211,212,213,214,215
204,204,204,204,210,217,218,219,211,211,211,211,215,220,221,222
204,204,204,204,219,224,225,226,211,211,211,211,222,227,228,229
204,204,204,204,226,230,231,207,211,211,211,211,229,232,233,212
212,213,214,215,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245
215,220,221,222,237,246,247,248,241,249,250,251,245,252,253,254
222,227,228,229,248,255,256,257,251,258,259,260,254,261,262,263
229,232,233,212,257,264,265,234,260,266,267,238,263,268,269,242
270,270,270,270,279,280,281,282,275,276,277,278,271,272,273,274
270,270,270,270,282,289,290,291,278,286,287,288,274,283,284,285
270,270,270,270,291,298,299,300,288,295,296,297,285,292,293,294
270,270,270,270,300,305,306,279,297,303,304,275,294,301,302,271
306
1.4,0.0,2.4
1.4,-0.784,2.4
0.784,-1.4,2.4
0.0,-1.4,2.4
1.3375,0.0,2.53125
1.3375,-0.749,2.53125
0.749,-1.3375,2.53125
0.0,-1.3375,2.53125
1.4375,0.0,2.53125
1.4375,-0.805,2.53125
0.805,-1.4375,2.53125
0.0,-1.4375,2.53125
1.5,0.0,2.4
1.5,-0.84,2.4
0.84,-1.5,2.4
0.0,-1.5,2.4
-0.784,-1.4,2.4
-1.4,-0.784,2.4
-1.4,0.0,2.4
-0.749,-1.3375,2.53125
-1.3375,-0.749,2.53125
-1.3375,0.0,2.53125
-0.805,-1.4375,2.53125
-1.4375,-0.805,2.53125
-1.4375,0.0,2.53125
-0.84,-1.5,2.4
-1.5,-0.84,2.4
-1.5,0.0,2.4
-1.4,0.784,2.4
-0.784,1.4,2.4
0.0,1.4,2.4
-1.3375,0.749,2.53125
-0.749,1.3375,2.53125
0.0,1.3375,2.53125
-1.4375,0.805,2.53125
-0.805,1.4375,2.53125
0.0,1.4375,2.53125
-1.5,0.84,2.4
-0.84,1.5,2.4
0.0,1.5,2.4
0.784,1.4,2.4
1.4,0.784,2.4
0.749,1.3375,2.53125
1.3375,0.749,2.53125
0.805,1.4375,2.53125
1.4375,0.805,2.53125
0.84,1.5,2.4
1.5,0.84,2.4
1.75,0.0,1.875
1.75,-0.98,1.875
0.98,-1.75,1.875
0.0,-1.75,1.875
2.0,0.0,1.35
2.0,-1.12,1.35
1.12,-2.0,1.35
0.0,-2.0,1.35
2.0,0.0,0.9
2.0,-1.12,0.9
1.12,-2.0,0.9
0.0,-2.0,0.9
-0.98,-1.75,1.875
-1.75,-0.98,1.875
-1.75,0.0,1.875
-1.12,-2.0,1.35
-2.0,-1.12,1.35
-2.0,0.0,1.35
-1.12,-2.0,0.9
-2.0,-1.12,0.9
-2.0,0.0,0.9
-1.75,0.98,1.875
-0.98,1.75,1.875
0.0,1.75,1.875
-2.0,1.12,1.35
-1.12,2.0,1.35
0.0,2.0,1.35
-2.0,1.12,0.9
-1.12,2.0,0.9
0.0,2.0,0.9
0.98,1.75,1.875
1.75,0.98,1.875
1.12,2.0,1.35
2.0,1.12,1.35
1.12,2.0,0.9
2.0,1.12,0.9
2.0,0.0,0.45
2.0,-1.12,0.45
1.12,-2.0,0.45
0.0,-2.0,0.45
1.5,0.0,0.225
1.5,-0.84,0.225
0.84,-1.5,0.225
0.0,-1.5,0.225
1.5,0.0,0.15
1.5,-0.84,0.15
0.84,-1.5,0.15
0.0,-1.5,0.15
-1.12,-2.0,0.45
-2.0,-1.12,0.45
-2.0,0.0,0.45
-0.84,-1.5,0.225
-1.5,-0.84,0.225
-1.5,0.0,0.225
-0.84,-1.5,0.15
-1.5,-0.84,0.15
-1.5,0.0,0.15
-2.0,1.12,0.45
-1.12,2.0,0.45
0.0,2.0,0.45
-1.5,0.84,0.225
-0.84,1.5,0.225
0.0,1.5,0.225
-1.5,0.84,0.15
-0.84,1.5,0.15
0.0,1.5,0.15
1.12,2.0,0.45
2.0,1.12,0.45
0.84,1.5,0.225
1.5,0.84,0.225
0.84,1.5,0.15
1.5,0.84,0.15
-1.6,0.0,2.025
-1.6,-0.3,2.025
-1.5,-0.3,2.25
-1.5,0.0,2.25
-2.3,0.0,2.025
-2.3,-0.3,2.025
-2.5,-0.3,2.25
-2.5,0.0,2.25
-2.7,0.0,2.025
-2.7,-0.3,2.025
-3.0,-0.3,2.25
-3.0,0.0,2.25
-2.7,0.0,1.8
-2.7,-0.3,1.8
-3.0,-0.3,1.8
-3.0,0.0,1.8
-1.5,0.3,2.25
-1.6,0.3,2.025
-2.5,0.3,2.25
-2.3,0.3,2.025
-3.0,0.3,2.25
-2.7,0.3,2.025
-3.0,0.3,1.8
-2.7,0.3,1.8
-2.7,0.0,1.575
-2.7,-0.3,1.575
-3.0,-0.3,1.35
-3.0,0.0,1.35
-2.5,0.0,1.125
-2.5,-0.3,1.125
-2.65,-0.3,0.9375
-2.65,0.0,0.9375
-2.0,-0.3,0.9
-1.9,-0.3,0.6
-1.9,0.0,0.6
-3.0,0.3,1.35
-2.7,0.3,1.575
-2.65,0.3,0.9375
-2.5,0.3,1.125
-1.9,0.3,0.6
-2.0,0.3,0.9
1.7,0.0,1.425
1.7,-0.66,1.425
1.7,-0.66,0.6
1.7,0.0,0.6
2.6,0.0,1.425
2.6,-0.66,1.425
3.1,-0.66,0.825
3.1,0.0,0.825
2.3,0.0,2.1
2.3,-0.25,2.1
2.4,-0.25,2.025
2.4,0.0,2.025
2.7,0.0,2.4
2.7,-0.25,2.4
3.3,-0.25,2.4
3.3,0.0,2.4
1.7,0.66,0.6
1.7,0.66,1.425
3.1,0.66,0.825
2.6,0.66,1.425
2.4,0.25,2.025
2.3,0.25,2.1
3.3,0.25,2.4
2.7,0.25,2.4
2.8,0.0,2.475
2.8,-0.25,2.475
3.525,-0.25,2.49375
3.525,0.0,2.49375
2.9,0.0,2.475
2.9,-0.15,2.475
3.45,-0.15,2.5125
3.45,0.0,2.5125
2.8,0.0,2.4
2.8,-0.15,2.4
3.2,-0.15,2.4
3.2,0.0,2.4
3.525,0.25,2.49375
2.8,0.25,2.475
3.45,0.15,2.5125
2.9,0.15,2.475
3.2,0.15,2.4
2.8,0.15,2.4
0.0,0.0,3.15
0.0,-0.002,3.15
0.002,0.0,3.15
0.8,0.0,3.15
0.8,-0.45,3.15
0.45,-0.8,3.15
0.0,-0.8,3.15
0.0,0.0,2.85
0.2,0.0,2.7
0.2,-0.112,2.7
0.112,-0.2,2.7
0.0,-0.2,2.7
-0.002,0.0,3.15
-0.45,-0.8,3.15
-0.8,-0.45,3.15
-0.8,0.0,3.15
-0.112,-0.2,2.7
-0.2,-0.112,2.7
-0.2,0.0,2.7
0.0,0.002,3.15
-0.8,0.45,3.15
-0.45,0.8,3.15
0.0,0.8,3.15
-0.2,0.112,2.7
-0.112,0.2,2.7
0.0,0.2,2.7
0.45,0.8,3.15
0.8,0.45,3.15
0.112,0.2,2.7
0.2,0.112,2.7
0.4,0.0,2.55
0.4,-0.224,2.55
0.224,-0.4,2.55
0.0,-0.4,2.55
1.3,0.0,2.55
1.3,-0.728,2.55
0.728,-1.3,2.55
0.0,-1.3,2.55
1.3,0.0,2.4
1.3,-0.728,2.4
0.728,-1.3,2.4
0.0,-1.3,2.4
-0.224,-0.4,2.55
-0.4,-0.224,2.55
-0.4,0.0,2.55
-0.728,-1.3,2.55
-1.3,-0.728,2.55
-1.3,0.0,2.55
-0.728,-1.3,2.4
-1.3,-0.728,2.4
-1.3,0.0,2.4
-0.4,0.224,2.55
-0.224,0.4,2.55
0.0,0.4,2.55
-1.3,0.728,2.55
-0.728,1.3,2.55
0.0,1.3,2.55
-1.3,0.728,2.4
-0.728,1.3,2.4
0.0,1.3,2.4
0.224,0.4,2.55
0.4,0.224,2.55
0.728,1.3,2.55
1.3,0.728,2.55
0.728,1.3,2.4
1.3,0.728,2.4
0.0,0.0,0.0
1.5,0.0,0.15
1.5,0.84,0.15
0.84,1.5,0.15
0.0,1.5,0.15
1.5,0.0,0.075
1.5,0.84,0.075
0.84,1.5,0.075
0.0,1.5,0.075
1.425,0.0,0.0
1.425,0.798,0.0
0.798,1.425,0.0
0.0,1.425,0.0
-0.84,1.5,0.15
-1.5,0.84,0.15
-1.5,0.0,0.15
-0.84,1.5,0.075
-1.5,0.84,0.075
-1.5,0.0,0.075
-0.798,1.425,0.0
-1.425,0.798,0.0
-1.425,0.0,0.0
-1.5,-0.84,0.15
-0.84,-1.5,0.15
0.0,-1.5,0.15
-1.5,-0.84,0.075
-0.84,-1.5,0.075
0.0,-1.5,0.075
-1.425,-0.798,0.0
-0.798,-1.425,0.0
0.0,-1.425,0.0
0.84,-1.5,0.15
1.5,-0.84,0.15
0.84,-1.5,0.075
1.5,-0.84,0.075
0.798,-1.425,0.0
1.425,-0.798,0.0
Finally, to compile using mingw on Ubuntu 10.04 amd64 with proper software installed:
#!/bin/bash
rm tester.exe > /dev/null 2>&1
i586-mingw32msvc-g++ tester.cpp -o tester.exe -fcheck-new -Idxsdk/DXSDK/Include -ld3d9 dxsdk/DXSDK/Lib/x86/d3dx9.lib

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