I want to prepend text to the name of every file of a certain type - in this case .txt files - located in the current directory or a sub-directory.
I have tried:
find -L . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec mv "{}" "PrependedTextHere{}" \;
The problem with this is dealing with the ./ part of the path that comes with the {} reference.
Any help or alternative approaches appreciated.
You can do something like this
find -L . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c 'echo "$0" "${0%/*}/PrependedTextHere${0##*/}"' {} \;
Where
bash -c '...' executes the command
$0 is the first argument passed in, in this case {} -- the full filename
${0%/*} removes everything including and after the last / in the filename
${0##*/} removes everything before and including the last / in the filename
Replace the echo with a mv once you're satisfied it's working.
Are you just trying to move the files to a new file name that has Prepend before it?
for F in *.txt; do mv "$F" Prepend"$F"; done
Or do you want it to handle subdirectories and prepend between the directory and file name:
dir1/PrependA.txt
dir2/PrependB.txt
Here's a quick shot at it. Let me know if it helps.
for file in $(find -L . -type f -name "*.txt")
do
parent=$(echo $file | sed "s=\(.*/\).*=\1=")
name=$(echo $file | sed "s=.*/\(.*\)=\1=")
mv "$file" "${parent}PrependedTextHere${name}"
done
This ought to work, as long file names does not have new line character(s). In such case make the find to use -print0 and IFS to have null.
#!/bin/sh
IFS='
'
for I in $(find -L . -name '*.txt' -print); do
echo mv "$I" "${I%/*}/prepend-${I##*/}"
done
p.s. Remove the echo to make the script effective, it's there to avoid accidental breakage for people who randomly copy paste stuff from here to their shell.
Related
I want to write a shell script. I list my jpg files inside nested subdirectories with the following command line:
find . -type f -name "*.jpg"
How can I save the output of this command inside a variable and write a for loop for that? (I want to do some processing steps for each jpg file)
You don't want to store output containing multiple files into a variable/array and then post-process it later. You can just do those actions on the files on-the-run.
Assuming you have bash shell available, you could write a small script as
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# ^^^^ bash shell needed over any POSIX shell because
# of the need to use process-substitution <()
while IFS= read -r -d '' image; do
printf '%s\n' "$image"
# Your other actions can be done here
done < <(find . -type f -name "*.jpg" -print0)
The -print0 option writes filenames with a null byte terminator, which is then subsequently read using the read command. This will ensure the file names containing special characters are handled without choking on them.
Better than storing in a variable, use this :
find . -type f -name "*.jpg" -exec command {} \;
Even, if you want, command can be a full bloated shell script.
A demo is better than an explanation, no ? Copy paste the whole lines in a terminal :
cat<<'EOF' >/tmp/test
#!/bin/bash
echo "I play with $1 and I can replay with $1, even 3 times: $1"
EOF
chmod +x /tmp/test
find . -type f -name "*.jpg" -exec /tmp/test {} \;
Edit: new demo (from new questions from comments)
find . -type f -name "*.jpg" | head -n 10 | xargs -n1 command
(this another solution doesn't take care of filenames with newlines or spaces)
This one take care :
#!/bin/bash
shopt -s globstar
count=0
for file in **/*.jpg; do
if ((++count < 10)); then
echo "process file $file number $count"
else
break
fi
done
I have the list of files to replace the first line from running this command
find . -type f -name ".txt"
I want to replace the first line of the files found with this text "line 1"
Doing my research I found a way to delete the first line with
ex -sc '1d|x' file.txt
then prepend a file with
echo "line 1"|cat - file.txt > out && mv out file.txt
but I don't know how to delete first line and prepend for every files found
You can use exec
find . -name "*.txt" -exec sed -i .ORI '1s/.*/line 1/' {} \;
to edit the files in place saving backups as .ORI.
You can use exec or xargs with find, but for more complicated commands I always run processing in a loop. It's clearer that way. Here's what you can do:
find . -type f -name '*.txt' | while read -r f; do
ex -sc '1d|x' "$f"
echo "line 1"|cat - "$f" > out && mv out "$f"
done
I am trying to create a small bash script that essentially looks through a directory that includes hundreds of sub directories. in SOME of these subdirectories include a textfile.txt and a htmlfile.html where the names textfile and htmlfile are variable.
I only really care about sub directories that have both the .txt and the .html, all other subdirecories can be ignored.
I then want to list all the .html files and .txt files that are in the same sub directory
this seems like a pretty simple issue to solve but I am at a loss. all I can really get working is a line of code that outputs sub directories that have either a .html file or .txt with no association with the actual sub directory they are in, and I am pretty new at bash scripting so I can't go any further
#!/bin/bash
files="$(find ~/file/ -type f -name '*.txt' -or -name '*.html')"
for file in $files
do
echo $file
done
The following find command looks checks every subdirectory and, if it has both html and txt files, it lists all of them:
find . -type d -exec env d={} bash -c 'ls "$d"/*.html &>/dev/null && ls "$d"/*.txt &>/dev/null && ls "$d/"*.{html,txt}' \;
Explanation:
find . -type d
This looks for all subdirectories of the current directory.
-exec env d={} bash -c '...' \;
This sets the environment variable d to the value of the found subdirectory and then executes the bash command that is contained within the single quotes (see below).
ls "$d"/*.html &>/dev/null && ls "$d"/*.txt &>/dev/null && ls "$d/"*.{html,txt}
This is the bash command that is executed. It consists of three statements and-ed together. The first checks to see if directory d has any html files. If so, the second statement runs and it checks to see if there are any txt files. If so, the last statement is executed and it lists all html and txt files in the directory d.
This command is safe for all file and directory names containing spaces, tabs, or other difficult characters.
You could do it by searching recursively with the globstar option:
shopt -s globstar
for file in **; do
if [[ -d $file ]]; then
for sub_file in "$file"/*; do
case "$sub_file" in
*.html)
html=1;;
*.txt)
txt=1;;
esac
done
[[ $html && $txt ]] && echo "$file"
html=""
txt=""
fi
done
You can make use of -o
#!/bin/bash
files=$(find ~/file/ -type f -name '*.txt' -o -name '*.html')
for file in $files
do
echo $file
done
#!/bin/bash
#A quick peek into a dir to see if there's at least one file that matches pattern
dir_has_file() { dir="$1"; pattern="$2";
[ -n "$(find "$dir" -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "$pattern" -print -quit)" ]
}
#Assumes there are no newline characters in the filenames, but will behave correctly with subdirectories that match *.html or *.txt
find "$1" -type d|\
while read d
do
dir_has_file "$d" '*.txt' &&
dir_has_file "$d" '*.html' &&
#Now print all the matching files
find "$d" -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.txt' -o -name '*.html'
done
This script takes the root directory to look into as the first argument ($1).
The test command is what you need to check for the existence of each file in each of the subdirs:
find . -type d -exec sh -c "if test -f {}/$file1 -a -f {}/$file2 ; then ls {}/*.{txt,html} ; fi" \;
where $file1 and $file2 are the two .txt and .html files you are looking for.
I have several directories with a pattern:
$find -name "*.out"
./trnascanse.out
./darn.out
./blast_rnaz.out
./erpin.out
./rnaspace_cli.out
./yass.out
./atypicalgc.out
./blast.out
./combine.out
./infernal.out
./ecoli.out
./athaliana.out
./yass_carnac.out
./rnammer.out
I can get the list into a file find -name "*.out" > files because I want to create for each directory a file ending with .ref instead of .out : trnascanse.ref, darn.ref, blast_rnaz.refand so on.
I would say that this is possible with some grep and touch but I don't know how to do it. Any idea? Or just create each one manually is the only way (as I did with this directories). Thanks
Here's one way:
for d in *.out ; do echo touch "${d%.out}.ref" ; done
The ${d%.out} expands $d and removes the trailing .out. Read about it in the bash man page.
If the output of above one-liner looks ok, pipe it to sh , or remove the echo and re-run it.
Use this:
find -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%f" -exec bash -c "mkdir $(echo '{}' | sed 's/\.out$//').ref" \;
I would like to build on the answer I found here: Bash script to find specific files in a hierarchy of files
find $dir -name $name -exec scp {} $destination \;
I have a file with a list of file names and I need to find those files on a backup disk, then copy those files found to a destination folder, and lastly print the files that could not be found to a new file.
the last step would be helpful so that I wouldn't need to make another list of files copied and then do a compare with original list.
If the script can then make a list of the copied files, and do a compare, then print the differences, then that's exactly what's required. Unless the shell process find can print to file each time it "Can't find" a file.
Assuming that your list is separated by newlines; something like this should work
#!/bin/bash
dir=someWhere
dest=someWhereElse
toCopyList=filesomewhere
notCopied=filesomewhereElse
while read line; do
find "$dir" -name "$line" -exec cp '{}' $dest \; -printf "%f\n"
done < "$toCopyList" > cpList
#sed -i 's#'$dir'/##' cpList
# I used # instead of / in sed to not confuse sed with / in $dir
# Also, I assumed the string in $dir doesnot end with a /
cat cpList "$toCopyList" | sort | uniq -c | sed -nr '/^ +1/s/^ +1 +(.*)/\1/p' > "$notCopied"
# Will not work if you give wild cards in your "toCopyList"
Hope it helps
while read fname ; do
find /FROM/WHERE/TO/COPY/ \
-type f \
-name "$fname" \
-exec cp \{\} /DESTINATION/DIR/ \; 2>/dev/null
find /DESTINATION/DIR/ \
-type f \
-name "$fname" &>/dev/null || \
echo $fname
done < FILESTOCOPY > MISSEDFILES
Will do.