I have several directories with a pattern:
$find -name "*.out"
./trnascanse.out
./darn.out
./blast_rnaz.out
./erpin.out
./rnaspace_cli.out
./yass.out
./atypicalgc.out
./blast.out
./combine.out
./infernal.out
./ecoli.out
./athaliana.out
./yass_carnac.out
./rnammer.out
I can get the list into a file find -name "*.out" > files because I want to create for each directory a file ending with .ref instead of .out : trnascanse.ref, darn.ref, blast_rnaz.refand so on.
I would say that this is possible with some grep and touch but I don't know how to do it. Any idea? Or just create each one manually is the only way (as I did with this directories). Thanks
Here's one way:
for d in *.out ; do echo touch "${d%.out}.ref" ; done
The ${d%.out} expands $d and removes the trailing .out. Read about it in the bash man page.
If the output of above one-liner looks ok, pipe it to sh , or remove the echo and re-run it.
Use this:
find -maxdepth 1 -type d -printf "%f" -exec bash -c "mkdir $(echo '{}' | sed 's/\.out$//').ref" \;
Related
I want to make a specific copy.
I explain
So here my main folder :
Sub-Directory-name-01\filename-01.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-01\filename-02.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-01\filename-03.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-01\special-filename-01.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-01.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-02.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-03.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\special-filename2-01.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-01.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-02.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\filename2-03.jpg
Sub-Directory-name-02\special-filename2-01.jpg
I want to copy all file from all dir and :
- keep original file
- copy 2 times the original file
- add a prefix to the new name
- prefix-01 for first copy
- prefix-02 for second copy
- keep the new files in the same dir as original file
I allready succes with a command to copy 1 time with 1 prefix.
It works in the sub-directory
for file in *.jpg; do cp "$file" "prefix-$file"; done
I try to do for all sub-dirs but i got an error
find . -type f \( -iname "*.jpg" ! -iname "special-*.jpg" \) | xargs cp -v "$file" "prefix-$file"
( yes i exclude a special name )
But i got error :
cp: target `./Sub-Directory-name-01/filename-01.jpg' is not a directory
i dont know how to solve my problem and how to add the 2nd copy in the cmd.
Thanks
Edit : I havent found any similar question so any answser to solve this problem.
Note that above $file is set only by the for file in ... ; do ... ;done loop, i.e. in your xargs cmdline you were just using the last leftover value from the loop.
Some things to consider:
need to process each file separately => use xargs -l1 (process each 1 line).
need to separate DIR/FILENAME as the needed command is something like 'cp $DIR/$FILENAME $DIR/prefix-01-$FILENAME' (and prefix-02 also), use find ... -printf "%h %f\n" for this
for each line, need to do couple things (prefix-01,02) => use a scriptlet via sh -c '<scriptlet>'
better skip prefix-0?-*.jpg files from find, to be able to re-run it without "accumulating" copies
A possible implementation would be:
find . -type f \( -iname "*.jpg" ! -iname "special-*.jpg" ! -name "prefix-0?-*.jpg" \) -printf "%h %f\n" | \
xargs -l1 sh -c 'cp -v "$1/$2" "$1/prefix-01-$2"; cp -v "$1/$2" "$1/prefix-02-$2"' --
As xargs runs sh -c '<scriptlet>' -- DIR FILE for each line, the scriptlet will properly evaluate $1 and $2 respectively.
--jjo
PS: directory separator in Unix-like systems is / :)
[Update: fixed to use %f instead of %P, as per comments below]
I am currently working on an auto grading script for a class project. It has to be able to search any number of given directories lets say
for example
usr/autograder/jdoe/
jdoe contains two files house.c and readme.txt.
I need to create a file in jdoe called jdoe.pdf
Currently i'm using this line of code below to get the path to where i need to create the file. Where $1 is user input of the path containing the projects the auto grader will grade.
find $1 -name "*.txt" -exec sh -c "dirname {}"
When I try adding /somename.pdf to the end of this statement I get readme.txt/somename.pdf
along with another -exec to get the name for the file.
\; -exec sh -c "dirname {} xargs -n 1 basename" \;
I'm having problems combining these two into one working statement.
I'm new to unix programming and would appreciate any advice or help even if it means re-writing the code using different unix tools.
The main question here is how do I create files in a path other than the directory I call my script from. Thanks in advance.
How about this?
find "$1" -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c 'd=$(dirname "$1"); touch $d"/"$(basename "$d").pdf' - {} \;
You can create files in another path using change directory command (cd).
If you start your script in usr/autograder/script and want to change to usr/autograder/jdoe you can change directory with shell command cd ../jdoe (relative) or cd usr/autograder/jdoe (absolute).
Now you are in the directory of usr/autograder/jdoe and you are able to create files in this directory, for example gedit readme.txt will open gedit and creates the file in usr/autograder/jdoe.
The simplest way is to loop over the files returned by find and then do whatever you need to do.
For example:
find "$1" -type f -name "*.txt" -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' filename; do
dir=$(dirname "$filename")
# create pdf file
touch "$dir/${dir##*/}.pdf"
done
(Note the use of find -print0 to correctly handle filenames containing whitespace and newline characters.)
Is this what you are looking for?
function process_file {
dir=$(dirname "$1")
name=$(basename "$1")
echo name is $name and dir is $dir;
cd "$dir"
touch "${dir##*/}.pdf" # or anything else
}
# export the function, so that it is known in the child processes
export -f process_file
find . -name '*.txt' -exec bash -c "process_file '{}'" \;
I am trying to create a small bash script that essentially looks through a directory that includes hundreds of sub directories. in SOME of these subdirectories include a textfile.txt and a htmlfile.html where the names textfile and htmlfile are variable.
I only really care about sub directories that have both the .txt and the .html, all other subdirecories can be ignored.
I then want to list all the .html files and .txt files that are in the same sub directory
this seems like a pretty simple issue to solve but I am at a loss. all I can really get working is a line of code that outputs sub directories that have either a .html file or .txt with no association with the actual sub directory they are in, and I am pretty new at bash scripting so I can't go any further
#!/bin/bash
files="$(find ~/file/ -type f -name '*.txt' -or -name '*.html')"
for file in $files
do
echo $file
done
The following find command looks checks every subdirectory and, if it has both html and txt files, it lists all of them:
find . -type d -exec env d={} bash -c 'ls "$d"/*.html &>/dev/null && ls "$d"/*.txt &>/dev/null && ls "$d/"*.{html,txt}' \;
Explanation:
find . -type d
This looks for all subdirectories of the current directory.
-exec env d={} bash -c '...' \;
This sets the environment variable d to the value of the found subdirectory and then executes the bash command that is contained within the single quotes (see below).
ls "$d"/*.html &>/dev/null && ls "$d"/*.txt &>/dev/null && ls "$d/"*.{html,txt}
This is the bash command that is executed. It consists of three statements and-ed together. The first checks to see if directory d has any html files. If so, the second statement runs and it checks to see if there are any txt files. If so, the last statement is executed and it lists all html and txt files in the directory d.
This command is safe for all file and directory names containing spaces, tabs, or other difficult characters.
You could do it by searching recursively with the globstar option:
shopt -s globstar
for file in **; do
if [[ -d $file ]]; then
for sub_file in "$file"/*; do
case "$sub_file" in
*.html)
html=1;;
*.txt)
txt=1;;
esac
done
[[ $html && $txt ]] && echo "$file"
html=""
txt=""
fi
done
You can make use of -o
#!/bin/bash
files=$(find ~/file/ -type f -name '*.txt' -o -name '*.html')
for file in $files
do
echo $file
done
#!/bin/bash
#A quick peek into a dir to see if there's at least one file that matches pattern
dir_has_file() { dir="$1"; pattern="$2";
[ -n "$(find "$dir" -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "$pattern" -print -quit)" ]
}
#Assumes there are no newline characters in the filenames, but will behave correctly with subdirectories that match *.html or *.txt
find "$1" -type d|\
while read d
do
dir_has_file "$d" '*.txt' &&
dir_has_file "$d" '*.html' &&
#Now print all the matching files
find "$d" -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.txt' -o -name '*.html'
done
This script takes the root directory to look into as the first argument ($1).
The test command is what you need to check for the existence of each file in each of the subdirs:
find . -type d -exec sh -c "if test -f {}/$file1 -a -f {}/$file2 ; then ls {}/*.{txt,html} ; fi" \;
where $file1 and $file2 are the two .txt and .html files you are looking for.
I want to prepend text to the name of every file of a certain type - in this case .txt files - located in the current directory or a sub-directory.
I have tried:
find -L . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec mv "{}" "PrependedTextHere{}" \;
The problem with this is dealing with the ./ part of the path that comes with the {} reference.
Any help or alternative approaches appreciated.
You can do something like this
find -L . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec bash -c 'echo "$0" "${0%/*}/PrependedTextHere${0##*/}"' {} \;
Where
bash -c '...' executes the command
$0 is the first argument passed in, in this case {} -- the full filename
${0%/*} removes everything including and after the last / in the filename
${0##*/} removes everything before and including the last / in the filename
Replace the echo with a mv once you're satisfied it's working.
Are you just trying to move the files to a new file name that has Prepend before it?
for F in *.txt; do mv "$F" Prepend"$F"; done
Or do you want it to handle subdirectories and prepend between the directory and file name:
dir1/PrependA.txt
dir2/PrependB.txt
Here's a quick shot at it. Let me know if it helps.
for file in $(find -L . -type f -name "*.txt")
do
parent=$(echo $file | sed "s=\(.*/\).*=\1=")
name=$(echo $file | sed "s=.*/\(.*\)=\1=")
mv "$file" "${parent}PrependedTextHere${name}"
done
This ought to work, as long file names does not have new line character(s). In such case make the find to use -print0 and IFS to have null.
#!/bin/sh
IFS='
'
for I in $(find -L . -name '*.txt' -print); do
echo mv "$I" "${I%/*}/prepend-${I##*/}"
done
p.s. Remove the echo to make the script effective, it's there to avoid accidental breakage for people who randomly copy paste stuff from here to their shell.
I have some files in my folder /home/sample/* * /*.pdf and *.doc and * .xls etc ('**' means some sub-sub directory.
I need the shell script or linux command to list the files in following manner.
pdf_docs/xx.pdf
documents/xx.doc
excel/xx.xls
pdf_docs, documents and excel are directories, which is located in various depth in /home/sample. like
/home/sample/12091/pdf_docs/xx.pdf
/home/sample/documents/xx.doc
/home/excel/V2hm/1001/excel/xx.xls
You can try this:
for i in {*.pdf,*.doc,*.xls}; do find /home/sample/ -name "$i"; done | awk -F/ '{print $(NF-1) "/" $NF}'
I ve added a line of awk which will print the last 2 fields (seperated by '/' ) of the result alone
Something like this?
for i in {*.pdf,*.doc,*.xls}; do
find /home/sample/ -name "$i";
done | perl -lnwe '/([^\/]+\/[^\/]+)$/&&print $1'
How about this?
find /home/sample -type f -regex '^.*\.\(pdf\|doc\|xls\)$'
Takes into account spaces in file names, potential case of extension
for a in {*.pdf,*.doc,*.xls}; do find /home/sample/ -type f -iname "$a" -exec basename {} \; ; done
EDIT
Edited to take into account only files
You don't need to call out to an external program to chop the pathname like you're looking for:
$ filename=/home/sample/12091/pdf_docs/xx.pdf
$ echo ${filename%/*/*}
/home/sample/12091
$ echo ${filename#${filename%/*/*}?}
pdf_docs/xx.pdf
So,
find /home/sample -name \*.doc -o -name \*.pdf -o -name \*.xls -print0 |
while read -r -d '' pathname; do
echo "${pathname#${pathname%/*/*}?}"
done