I everybody
after boot if is possible i want to open a shell and run a simple c++ program automatically ! its difficult ?
airone#airone:~$ sudo ./provaccc
[sudo] password for airone:
Reading From : /dev/input/event2 (Sycreader RFID Technology Co., Ltd SYC ID&IC USB Reader)
Ingresso Palestra: SUCCESS
its possible ?
thanks a lot
Well, you can always include it in some of the common "starters", most probably in ~/.bashrc. The one single important thing would be to suppress the stdout prior to putting it over there. You have to adjust its permissions as well, in order not to be asked for the sudo password. With the limited information I have, I presume it should be something like:
chown <user>:<group> airone
chmod 755 provaccc
echo 'bash <full path>/provaccc' > /dev/null >> ~./bashrc
Test it with sourcing ~/.bashrc:
source ~/.bashrc
Of course there could be multiple adjustments, but I am sure you can work these out.
I'm running Arch-based Manjaro Linux and wrote myself a little update program, that starts every 7 hours and runs completely in the background. This update program is started by systemd.
What I wanna know is: How can I prevent any system shutdown/reboot during the time this program runs no matter if the user just wants to turn it off or any program wants to do so.
The best would be, if any shutdown/reboot action wouldn't be cancelled but delayed instead, so when the update program has finished its run, the shutdown/reboot continues.
My systemd parts are:
uupgrades.timer
[Unit]
Description=UU Upgrades Timer
[Timer]
OnBootSec=23min
OnUnitActiveSec=7h
Unit=uupgrades.target
[Install]
WantedBy=basic.target
uupgrades.target
[Unit]
Description=UU Upgrades Timer Target
StopWhenUnneeded=yes
and in the folder uupgrades.target.wants
uupgrades.service
[Unit]
Description=UU Update Program
[Service]
Nice=19
IOSchedulingClass=2
IOSchedulingPriority=7
ExecStart=/usr/bin/uupgrades
How can I achieve this?
If a user with sufficient permissions to reboot the server or manipulate processes wants to stop or reboot the machine you cant stop them. That's just how linux works. You should set up permissions and accounts such that no other users have root permissions or permissions sufficient to manipulate the process or user that the process is running as.
When I want to block myself from rebooting or shutdown, I alias my usual shutdown and reboot aliases to beep;beep;beep;.
In multiuser environments you could move the reboot, shutdown etc. binaries and move them back, when shutdown should be allowed again.
You could also temporarily move an executable shell script outputting information about the postponed shutdown possibility in place of the corresponding binaries. This script could set a flag, if a shutdown was requested.
Q&D example script:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo "preventing reboot"
BACKUPBINARY_REBOOT=$(mktemp);
mv /bin/reboot $BACKUPBINARY_REBOOT;
FLAGFILE=$(mktemp);
echo '#!/usr/bin/env bash' > /bin/reboot;
echo '# original reboot binary was moved to'"$BACKUPBINARY_REBOOT" >> /bin/reboot;
echo 'echo request-reboot > '"$FLAGFILE" >> /bin/reboot;
echo 'echo reboot is prevented, your request will trigger later' >> /bin/reboot;
chmod 666 "$FLAGFILE";
chmod +x /bin/reboot;
echo "postponed reboot - press enter to allow it again and make up for requested reboot";
read;
mv "$BACKUPBINARY_REBOOT" /bin/reboot;
if grep -q request-reboot "$FLAGFILE"; then
rm $FLAGFILE;
/bin/reboot;
fi
You can add another systemd service at /usr/lib/systemd/system-shutdown/ which will be run at shutdown, and have it check if your update script is running, and if so, cancel or delay the shutdown.
I programmed a JavaFX application which runs on a "Raspberry Pi" (a small ARM based Linux Computer). The OS on the "Pi" is "Raspbian" (a Debian Linux for Raspberry Pi). I installed JDK8 on Raspbian to run graphic JavaFX Application without X-Server. This all works fine :) I can start the Application by entering the following command:
/opt/jdk1.8.0/bin/java -cp /home/pi/sqljdbc4.jar:/home/pi/Leitwarte.jar leitwarte.Leitwarte
When the application starts it takes full control over mouse an keyboard, so there is no way back into console, but this doesent maters because it is just a monitoring system an i am able to shut the mashine down over ssh.
I now want to start the application directly after booting, so that there is no need for entering username ,passwort and starting the application.
The mashine does nothing else just running the app (of course there runs a ftp, ssh deamon for making updating the app posible)
Please tell me step by step, because i dont work with Linux for a long time.
Thank you very much.
CMD
cd /etc/init.d
sudo nano leitwarte
Enter the following
#! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/leitwarte
touch /var/lock/leitwarte
case "$1" in
start)
echo "Starting Leitwarte ... "
/opt/jdk1.8.0/bin/java -cp /home/pi/sqljdbc4.jar:/home/pi/Leitwarte.jar leitwarte.Leitwarte > /dev/null &
;;
stop)
echo "Killing Leitwarte ..."
killall java
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/leitwarte {start|stop}"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
then
chmod 755 leitwarte
update-rc.d leitwarte defaults
DONE
I solved this problem
When the application starts it takes full control over mouse an
keyboard, so there is no way back into console
by adding quotes ("") and by giving -Djavafx.platform=gtk for DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS.
For example in my case I replaced this code:
DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS=-XX:+UseG1GC -Dmode=prod_w_updates
to this:
DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS="-XX:+UseG1GC -Dmode=prod_w_updates -Djavafx.platform=gtk"
Hope, it will help
On an Amazon S3 Linux instance, I have two scripts called start_my_app and stop_my_app which start and stop forever (which in turn runs my Node.js application). I use these scripts to manually start and stop my Node.js application. So far so good.
My problem: I also want to set it up such that start_my_app is run whenever the system boots up. I know that I need to add a file inside init.d and I know how to symlink it to the proper directory within rc.d, but I can't figure out what actually needs to go inside the file that I place in init.d. I'm thinking it should be just one line, like, start_my_app, but that hasn't been working for me.
First create your startup script # /home/user/startup.sh, and make it executable
chmod +x /home/user/startup.sh
Then set a crontab for it:
$ crontab -e
#reboot /home/user/startup.sh
Now your your startup.sh script will run at every start.
The file you put in /etc/init.d/ have to be set to executable with:
chmod +x /etc/init.d/start_my_app
As pointed out by #meetamit, if it still does not run you might have to create a symbolic link to the file in /etc/rc.d/
ln -s /etc/init.d/start_my_app /etc/rc.d/
Please note that on the latest versions of Debian, this will not work as your script will have to be LSB compliant (provide at least the following actions: start, stop, restart, force-reload, and status):
https://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts
As a note, you should always use the absolute path to files in your scripts instead of the relative one, it may solve unexpected issues:
/var/myscripts/start_my_app
Finally, make sure that you included the shebang on top of the file:
#!/bin/sh
A simple approach is to add a line in /etc/rc.local :
/PATH/TO/MY_APP &
or if you want to run the command as a special user :
su - USER_FOOBAR -c /PATH/TO/MY_APP &
(the trailing ampersand backgrounds the process and allows the rc.local to continue executing)
If you want a full init script, debian distro have a template file, so :
cp /etc/init.d/skeleton /etc/init.d/your_app
and adapt it a bit.
This is the way I do it on Red Hat Linux systems.
Put your script in /etc/init.d, owned by root and executable. At the top of the script, you can give a directive for chkconfig. Example, the following script is used to start a Java application as user oracle.
The name of the script is /etc/init.d/apex
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 99 10
# Description: auto start apex listener
#
case "$1" in
'start')
su - oracle -c "cd /opt/apex ; java -jar apex.war > logs/apex.log 2>logs/apex_error.log &";;
'stop')
echo "put something to shutdown or kill the process here";;
esac
This says that the script must run at levels 3, 4, and 5, and the priority for start/stop is 99 and 10.
Then, as user root you can use chkconfig to enable or disable the script at startup:
chkconfig --list apex
chkconfig --add apex
And you can use service start/stop apex.
Enter cron using sudo:
sudo crontab -e
Add a command to run upon start up, in this case a script:
#reboot sh /home/user/test.sh
Save:
Press ESC then :x to save and exit, or hit ESC then ZZ (that's shift+zz)
Test Test Test:
Run your test script without cron to make sure it actually works.
Make sure you saved your command in cron, use sudo crontab -e
Reboot the server to confirm it all works sudo #reboot
Just have a line added to your crontab..
Make sure the file is executable:
chmod +x /path_to_you_file/your_file
To edit crontab file:
crontab -e
Line you have to add:
#reboot /path_to_you_file/your_file
That simple!
Another option is to have an #reboot command in your crontab.
Not every version of cron supports this, but if your instance is based on the Amazon Linux AMI then it will work.
Edit the rc.local file using nano or gedit editor and add your scripts in it. File path could be /etc/rc.local or /etc/rc.d/rc.local.
sudo nano /etc/rc.local
This is the edit:
#!/bin/sh
/path-to-your-script/your-scipt-name.sh
once done press ctrl+o to update, pressEnter then ctrl+x.
Make the file executable.
sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc.local
Then initiate the rc-local service to run script during boot.
sudo systemctl start rc-local
You can do it :
chmod +x PATH_TO_YOUR_SCRIPT/start_my_app
then use this command
update-rc.d start_my_app defaults 100
Please see this page on Cyberciti.
Many answers on starting something at boot, but often you want to start it just a little later, because your script depends on e.g. networking. Use at to just add this delay, e.g.:
at now + 1 min -f /path/yourscript
You may add this in /etc/rc.local, but also in cron like:
# crontab -e
#reboot at now + 1 min -f /path/yourscript
Isn't it fun to combine cron and at? Info is in the man page man at.
As for the comments that #reboot may not be widely supported, just try it. I found out that /etc/rc.local has become obsolete on distros that support systemd, such as ubuntu and raspbian.
The absolute easiest method if all you want to run is a simple script, (or anything) is if you have a gui to use system > preferences then startup apps.
just browse to the script you want and there you go. (make script executable)
This simple solution worked for me on an Amazon Linux instance running CentOS.
Edit your /etc/rc.d/rc.local file and put the command there. It is mentioned in this file that it will be executed after all other init scripts. So be careful in that regards. This is how the file looks for me currently.. Last line is the name of my script.
Create your own /init executable
This is not what you want, but it is fun!
Just pick an arbitrary executable file, even a shell script, and boot the kernel with the command line parameter:
init=/path/to/myinit
Towards the end of boot, the Linux kernel runs the first userspace executable at the given path.
Several projects provide popular init executables used by major distros, e.g. systemd, and in most distros init will fork a bunch of processes used in normal system operation.
But we can hijack /init it to run our own minimal scripts to better understand our system.
Here is a minimal reproducible setup: https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat/tree/f96d4d55c9caa7c0862991025e1291c48c33e3d9/README.md#custom-init
I refered to this blog, always sound a good choice
https://blog.xyzio.com/2016/06/14/setting-up-a-golang-website-to-autorun-on-ubuntu-using-systemd/
vim /lib/systemd/system/gosite.service
Description=A simple go website
ConditionPathExists=/home/user/bin/gosite
[Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
ExecStart=/home/user/bin/gosite
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
systemctl enable gosite.service
multi ways to finish it:
crontab
rc.local
init.d
systemd
For Debian 9 see https://askubuntu.com/questions/228304/how-do-i-run-a-script-at-start-up. It is helped me. Short version for Debian 9:
add commands (as root) to /etc/rc.local
/path_to_file/filename.sh || exit 1 # Added by me
exit 0
Probably, /path_to_file/filename.sh should be executable (I think so).
In Lubuntu I had to deal with the opposite situation. Skype start running after booting and I found in ~/.config/autostart/ the file skypeforlinux.desktop. The content of the file is as follows:
[Desktop Entry]
Name=Skype for Linux
Comment=Skype Internet Telephony
Exec=/usr/bin/skypeforlinux
Icon=skypeforlinux
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=false
X-GNOME-Autostart-enabled=true
Deleting this file helped me.
Here is a simpler method!
First: write a shell script and save it a .sh
here is an example
#!/bin/bash
Icoff='/home/akbar/keyboardONOFF/icon/Dt6hQ.png'
id=13
fconfig=".keyboard"
echo "disabled" > $fconfig
xinput float $id
notify-send -i $Icoff "Internal Keyboard disabled";
this script will disable the internal keyboard at startup.
Second: Open the application " Startup Application Preferences"
enter image description here
enter image description here
Third: click Add.
fourth: in the NAME section give a name.
fifth: In the command section browse to your .sh .
sixth: edit your command section to:
bash <space> path/to/file/<filename>.sh <space> --start
seventh: click Add. Thats it! Finished!
Now confirm by rebooting your pc.
cheers!
Add your script to /etc/init.d/ directory
Update your rc run-levels:
$ update-rc.d myScript.sh defaults NN where NN is the order in which it should be executed. 99 for example will mean it would be run after 98 and before 100.
Painless, easiest and the most universal method is simply
executing it with ~.bash_profile or ~.profile (if you don't have bash_profile file).
Just add the execution command at the bottom of that file and it will be executed when system started.
I have this one at the bottom an example;
~\Desktop\sound_fixer.sh
Working with Python 3 microservices or shell; using Ubuntu Server 18.04 (Bionic Beaver) or Ubuntu 19.10 (Eoan Ermine) or Ubuntu 18.10 (Cosmic Cuttlefish) I always do like these steps, and it worked always too:
Creating a microservice called p example "brain_microservice1.service" in my case:
$ nano /lib/systemd/system/brain_microservice1.service
Inside this new service that you are in:
[Unit]
Description=brain_microservice_1
After=multi-user.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3.7 /root/scriptsPython/RUN_SERVICES/microservices /microservice_1.py -k start -DFOREGROUND
ExecStop=/usr/bin/python3.7 /root/scriptsPython/RUN_SERVICES/microservices/microservice_1.py -k graceful-stop
ExecReload=/usr/bin/python3.7 /root/scriptsPython/RUN_SERVICES/microservices/microservice_1.py -k graceful
PrivateTmp=true
LimitNOFILE=infinity
KillMode=mixed
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Give the permissions:
$ chmod -X /lib/systemd/system/brain_microservice*
$ chmod -R 775 /lib/systemd/system/brain_microservice*
Give the execution permission then:
$ systemctl daemon-reload
Enable then, this will make then always start on startup
$ systemctl enable brain_microservice1.service
Then you can test it;
$ sudo reboot now
Finish = SUCCESS!!
This can be done with the same body script to run shell, react ... database startup script ... any kind os code ... hope this help u...
...
For some people, this will work:
You could simply add the following command into System → Preferences → Startup Applications:
bash /full/path/to/your/script.sh
I created the script file -
#!/bin/sh
echo "my application is here"
./helloworld # helloworld is our application
after creating the script file i copied it in init.d
I gave the command chmod +x /etc/init.d/vcc_app (vcc_app is the name of script which I have created)
Then I gave the command ln -s /etc/init.d/vcc_app /etc/rc.d/vcc_app (rc.d is the run level directory)
But when i reboot the board my application is not executed automatically. Can anyone help me out?
Scripts that are in /etc/init.d need to be LSB-compliant.
If you simply want to automatically run commands at the end of the boot process, try placing them in /etc/rc.local instead.
Not all linux systems use the same init daemon (ubuntu uses upstart: http://upstart.ubuntu.com/getting-started.html), but they all use start and stop functions in the script. Other common functions are status and restart, but again, there is no true across the board standard. Eg:
!#/bin/sh
start () {
echo "application started";
./helloworld # you should use an absolute path here instead of ./
}
stop () {
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
*)
echo "Usage start|stop";
esac
exit $?
The last bit is a switch based on the first command line arg, since init will invoke the script myrcscript start.
In order to use stop() (and the also often useful restart()) you need to keep, or be able to get, the pid of the process launched by start(); sometimes this is done with a little "pid file" in /tmp (text file containing the pid, eg, /tmp/myscript.pid created in start()).
The "upstart" init daemon used on Ubuntu has its own specific features, but unless you need to use them, just keep it stop/start minimal and it will (probably) work anywhere.