Does data passed across a unix domain socket cross the kernel boundary? - linux

We're writing a proxy for a network server where instead of connecting directly over TCP, the client program will connect to a local unix domain socket to send its data, and the proxy application will then forward it over TCP.
My question is this: does the data the application sends over the unix domain socket cross the kernel boundary before the proxy receives it? The reason I ask is that if so, we could expect to see a benefit from using splice(2). If not, we wouldn't.

Of course Unix sockets go via the kernel, but your question is founded on a misconception. You wouldn't see a benefit from introducing another copy step via splice.

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Sending zeroMQ messages to/from localhost - secure?

I am trying to use zeroMQ for communicating between 2 processes. The message contains instructions from one process for the second to execute, so that from a security perspective it is quite important that only the proper messages are sent and received.
If I am worried about 3rd parties who may try to intercept or send malicious messages to the process, am I correct in assuming that as long as my messages are sent/received on IP 127.0.0.1 i am always safe? or is there any circumstance where this can be compromised?
Thanks for the help all!
Assumptions and security are usually two things you don't want to mix. The short answer to your question is that sending or receiving traffic to localhost (127.0.0.1) will not, under default conditions, send or receive traffic outside of the local host.
Of course if the machine itself is compromised then you are no longer secure at all.
You've applied the ipc tag, which I assume means that you're using the ipc:// protocol (if not, you should be if all of the communication is happening on one box). In this case, you shouldn't be using IPv4 addresses at all (or localhost), but ipc endpoint names. See here and here.
For ipc, you're not connecting or binding to an IP or DNS address, but something much more akin to a local file name. You just need to make sure both processes refer to the same filename, and that permissions are set so that both processes can appropriately access the directory (see the ZMQ docs for a little more info there, search for ipc). The only difference between an ipc endpoint name and a filename is that you don't need to create the file, ZMQ creates the resource so both processes can communicate with the same thing.
As S.Richmond says, if your machine is compromised, then all bets are off, but there's no way to publish ipc endpoints to the internet if you use them appropriately.

How to control source ip or port for UDP packet with nodejs

I'm working on an application that interfaces with embedded equipment via the SNMP protocol. To facilitate testing, I've written a simulator for the embedded equipment with Nodejs and the snmpjs library. The simulator responds to SNMP gets/sets and sends traps to the managing application. The trap messages are constructed by the snmpjs library, but sent manually using Node's standard UDP sockets.
This works well when simulating one equipment, but I've run into an issue when attempting to simulate multiple equipment. Specifically, the managing application identifies the source equipment of SNMP traps by analyzing the source IP/port of the UDP packet carrying the trap. This precludes my simulating multiple equipment simultaneously, which is the most common use case for the application.
So, my question is: Is there some way to control/spoof the source IP or port of the udp packet with Nodejs? Or, perhaps, would it be possible to use some kind of proxy to achieve the desired result?
(Note: Running the simulators on a single machine is a strict requirement. Also, it is not sufficient that I have unique IPs/ports for each simulator, I must be able to know their values ahead of time so that I can configure the managing application to interface with them correctly.)
The solution was simple. I overlooked this line from the node documentation for the send method of udp sockets, "If the socket has not been previously bound with a call to bind, it's assigned a random port number..." I just needed to bind the socket to a port first. I've verified this with a test script.

how to efficiently transfer file between 2 node.js instances?

I'm developing chat application using app.js which is webkit+node.js framework.
So i have node.js plus bridged web browser environment on both sides.
I want to make file transfer feature somewhat similar to Skype one.
So, initial idea is to:
1.connect clients to main server.
2.Each client gets ip of oposite ones.
3.Start socket or websocket server on both clients and connect to each other.
4.Sender reads the file and transmits it to the reciver.
Question are:
1.Im not really sure that one client can "see" the other.
2.file is a binary data, but websockets are made for text messages so i need some kind of coding/decoding stuff. I thought about base 64 but it has 30% of "overhead" information. So i need something more effitient (base 128?).
3.If it is not efficient to use websocket should i use TCP sockets instead? What problems can appear if i decide to use them?
Yeah i know about node2node and BinaryJS, i just dont know should i use them or not. And i really what to do something myself.
OK, with your communication looking like this:
(C->N)<->N<->(N->C)
(...) is installed on one client's machine. N's are node servers, C's are web clients.
This is out of your control. Some file sharing apps send test packets from the central server to clients, to check whether ports are open and NAT rules are configured correctly, etc. Your clients will start their own servers on some port, your master server can potentially create a test connection to these servers to see whether they're started correctly and open to the web, BEFORE telling other clients that they can send files.
Websockets are great for status messages from your servers to the web GUIs and general client-to-client communication. For the actual file transfers, I would use TCP sockets, see the next answer. On the other hand base64 encoding is really not a slow process, play with it and benchmark its performance, then decide with some data to back up your decision.
You could use a combination: websockets from your servers to the web GUIs, but TCP communication between the servers themselves. TCP servers (and streams) aren't hard to set up in Node, I see no disadvantages. It might actually be less complicated than installing node2node on those servers, since TCP is already built-in.

Non-blocking service to receive messages on port via UDP

I want to build a service on my Linux VPS which listens to a certain UDP port and does something with the (text)message which is captured. This processing consists of appending the message to a locally stored txt-file and send it as http, with a post variable to another server.
I've looked into Nginx but as far is can see this server can only be bound to receive http packets. Although it is asynchronous.
What is the best way to achieve this listening-service on linux? And which has the capabilities to do the above mentioned processing?
Is for instance node.js a possibilty? It looks great
For simplicity, you can use xinetd, and for the app you can use any scripting language, which will read the packet from the stdin and save it to the file.

Is there a way to test if a computer's connection is firewalled?

I'm writing a piece of P2P software, which requires a direct connection to the Internet. It is decentralized, so there is no always-on server that it can contact with a request for the server to attempt to connect back to it in order to observe if the connection attempt arrives.
Is there a way to test the connection for firewall status?
I'm thinking in my dream land where wishes were horses, there would be some sort of 3rd-party, public, already existent servers to whom I could send some sort of simple command, and they would send a special ping back. Then I could simply listen to see if that arrives and know whether I'm behind a firewall.
Even if such a thing does not exist, are there any alternative routes available?
Nantucket - does your service listen on UDP or TCP?
For UDP - what you are sort of describing is something the STUN protocol was designed for. It matches your definition of "some sort of simple command, and they would send a special ping back"
STUN is a very "ping like" (UDP) protocol for a server to echo back to a client what IP and port it sees the client as. The client can then use the response from the server and compare the result with what it thinks its locally enumerated IP address is. If the server's response matches the locally enumerated IP address, the client host can self determinte that it is directly connected to the Internet. Otherwise, the client must assume it is behind a NAT - but for the majority of routers, you have just created a port mapping that can be used for other P2P connection scenarios.
Further, you can you use the RESPONSE-PORT attribute in the STUN binding request for the server to respond back to a different port. This will effectively allow you to detect if you are firewalled or not.
TCP - this gets a little tricky. STUN can partially be used to determine if you are behind a NAT. Or simply making an http request to whatismyip.com and parsing the result to see if there's a NAT. But it gets tricky, as there's no service on the internet that I know of that will test a TCP connection back to you.
With all the above in mind, the vast majority of broadband users are likely behind a NAT that also acts as a firewall. Either given by their ISP or their own wireless router device. And even if they are not, most operating systems have some sort of minimal firewall to block unsolicited traffic. So it's very limiting to have a P2P client out there than can only work on direct connections.
With that said, on Windows (and likely others), you can program your app's install package can register with the Windows firewall so your it is not blocked. But if you aren't targeting Windows, you may have to ask the user to manually fix his firewall software.
Oh shameless plug. You can use this open source STUN server and client library which supports all of the semantics described above. Follow up with me offline if you need access to a stun service.
You might find this article useful
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa364726%28v=VS.85%29.aspx
I would start with each os and ask if firewall services are turned on. Secondly, I would attempt the socket connections and determine from the error codes if connections are being reset or timeout. I'm only familiar with winsock coding, so I can't really say much for Linux or mac os.

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