Is there any apt-get-like program for use with Cygwin?
I already tried cyg-apt but when I try I get this error:
cyg-apt: downloading: http://cygwin.mirrors.pair.com/setup-2.bz2
cyg-apt: downloading: http://cygwin.mirrors.pair.com/setup-2.ini
cyg-apt: bad URL http://cygwin.mirrors.pair.com/setup-2.ini, exiting.
Best I have ever used:
apt-cyg package manager
You can do this using Cygwin’s setup.exe from Windows command line. Example:
cd C:\cygwin64
setup-x86_64 -q -P wget,tar,gawk,bzip2,subversion,vim
For a more convenient installer, you may want to use the
apt-cyg package manager. Its syntax is
similar to apt-get, which is a plus. For this, follow the above steps and then
use Cygwin Bash for the following steps:
wget rawgit.com/transcode-open/apt-cyg/master/apt-cyg
install apt-cyg /bin
Now that apt-cyg is installed. Here are a few examples of installing some
packages:
apt-cyg install nano
apt-cyg install git
apt-cyg install ca-certificates
Update: you can read the more complex answer, which contains more methods and information.
There exists a couple of scripts, which can be used as simple package managers. But as far as I know, none of them allows you to upgrade packages, because it’s not an easy task on Windows since there is not possible to overwrite files in use. So you have to close all Cygwin instances first and then you can use Cygwin’s native setup.exe (which itself does the upgrade via “replace after reboot” method, when files are in use).
apt-cyg
The best one for me. Simply because it’s one of the most recent. It works correctly for both platforms - x86 and x86_64. There exists a lot of forks with some additional features. For example the kou1okada fork is one of improved versions.
Cygwin’s setup.exe
It has also command line mode. Moreover it allows you to upgrade all installed packages at once.
setup.exe-x86_64.exe -q --packages=bash,vim
Example use:
setup.exe-x86_64.exe -q --packages="bash,vim"
You can create an alias for easier use, for example:
alias cyg-get="/cygdrive/d/path/to/cygwin/setup-x86_64.exe -q -P"
Then you can for example install the Vim package with:
cyg-get vim
you can always make a bash alias to setup*.exe files in $home/.bashrc
cygwin 32bit
alias cyg-get="/cygdrive/c/cygwin/setup-x86.exe -q -P"
cygwin 64bit
alias cyg-get="/cygdrive/c/cygwin64/setup-x86_64.exe -q -P"
now you can install packages with
cyg-get <package>
This got it working for me:
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/transcode-open/apt-cyg/master/apt-cyg > \
apt-cyg && install apt-cyg /bin
No. The only officially supported tool for downloading and updating Cygwin packages is the setup.exe file you used for the initial install, although that can be invoked with command line arguments to help the process.
From that same page:
The basic reason for not having a more full-featured package manager is that such a program would need full access to all of Cygwin's POSIX functionality. That is, however, difficult to provide in a Cygwin-free environment, such as exists on first installation. Additionally, Windows does not easily allow overwriting of in-use executables so installing a new version of the Cygwin DLL while a package manager is using the DLL is problematic.
You can use Chocolatey to install cyg-get and then install your packages with it.
For example:
choco install cyg-get
Then:
cyg-get install my-package
Related
visual-studio-code-bin is installed from the arch wiki. The only way I know how to actually update the software is reinstalling it again from the arch wiki which is tedious and inconvenient.
Any help is appreciated
Old post with a lot of split information so for anyone who finds this later, you have 2 choices:
Install the open source version of visual studio code from the official repos.
Install the official Microsoft binary version via the AUR that contains some proprietary code from Microsoft that is not available in the fully open version (e.g. some debugging some languages).
Info on how to do this can be found in the wiki.
It depends on how you installed vscode. If you did sudo pacman -S code, then the solution is to run it again. But if you did yay -S visual-studio-code-bin, then you should run THIS command again.
The best way to use VS Code on Arch is to use the open source version on the community repos. Which you can install by doing
sudo pacman -S code
visual-studio-code-bin is the proprietary binary which can be installed from the Arch User Repository.
If for some reason you want to go for the latter approach, you can either use an AUR helper or manage everything manually.
You can see the Arch Wiki's page on AUR helpers which shows the different options you have: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/AUR_helpers
You can use these helpers to help manage your updates just like you would on pacman.
Here's how you would do things manually: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_User_Repository#Installing_and_upgrading_packages
Just as a warning, AUR helpers are not supported by Arch Linux and the manual approach, though less user friendly is the recommended way by the Arch Wiki to manage your AUR Packages.
First a short version:
Simply run
sudo pacman -Sy
sudo pacman -S visual-studio-code-bin
The longer explanation:
Getting the right version of vscode
First of all, "code" and "visual-studio-code-bin" are two different packages. "code" is an open-source release and "visual-studio-code-bin" is an Microsoft-branded release. One of the major differences is that "code" doesn't support any Microsoft Extensions like C/C++, to my knowledge. This information can be found in the arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Visual_Studio_Code#Installation. For more detailed information about the differences I'll refer you to the vscode repository: https://github.com/microsoft/vscode/wiki/Differences-between-the-repository-and-Visual-Studio-Code
By running "sudo pacman -S code" you (unintentionally) uninstall "visual-studio-code-bin" and install "code" because of wired some decency conflict.
So if you want to update/install "visual-studio-code-bin" run:
sudo pacman -S visual-studio-code-bin
This should fix any Problems with no functioning Microsoft-Extensions
Of course if you want to sick to the open-source version you can use
sudo pacman -S code
Fixing your Problem with not updating to the right version
I have to admit this took me ages. I had two machines, one with an freshly installed version of geruda Linux (an arch based distro) and an six moth old version of geruda Linux. Both had vscode installed. At the time of writing this the current version of vscode is 1.59.0-1. Interestingly the my old machine, witch had vscode version 1.58.0-1 installed didn't know that there was an newer version. The newer machine was aware of the the newer version. An simply running pacman -S visual-studio-code-bin didn't change anything. This hinted my to the problem of an not synchronized package database. And forcefully synchronizing the database with
sudo pacman -Sy
did the trick for me. For a more detialed information I would redirect you to the man pages: https://archlinux.org/pacman/pacman.8.html or this thread https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=117765. After running this command you only need to install vscode with "sudo pacman -S visual-studio-code-bin" or "sudo pacman -S code" to get the newest version of vscode
As rightly said by #AlexanderHD27 code is open source and vscode is microsoft official version but it is not open source. though code is more like an experimental version of of vscode; however, you can install code directly in archlinux using sudo pacman -S code but for the the vscode you have to clone the repository from github and install in the following way:
git clone visual-studio-code-bin
then cd visual-studio-code-bin and makepkg -si
remember if you don't have git installed you can do that using sudo pacman -S git. As for the update; code is updated during system full update but vscode is not updated. So, you have to cd into the directory again and do git pull the makepkg -si again.
As KamilCuk and Aviad mentioned there is no visual-studio-bin package, since it is a aur package you can use yay (AUR helper) to get a updateable version. For more information about yay see: https://github.com/Jguer/yay.
Install yay
sudo pacman -S --needed base-devel git
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git
cd yay
makepkg -si
cd ..
rm -rf yay
Install visual-studio-code-bin with yay
# install
yay -S visual-studio-code-bin
If you installed vscode via pamac manager in manjaro, try this:
pamac update
To update with the cloned AUR directory.
First update pacman database:
pacman-Sy
Then in the AUR directory you can update the AUR to the latest version with:
git pull
Then update dependencies with:
makepkg -s
Finally you install it:
makepkg -i
==> WARNING: A package has already been built, installing existing package...
==> Installing package visual-studio-code-bin with pacman -U...
loading packages...
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (1) visual-studio-code-bin-1.73.1-1
Total Installed Size: 324.26 MiB
Net Upgrade Size: 29.66 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
Is it possible to use RPM or YUM or any other package manager in Linux, specifically CentOS, to install a package either already downloaded or from repo to a custom location without admin/root access?
I tried building from sources, using cmake, configure, make, make install etc, but, it ended up having so many dependencies one after other.
Or are there any better alternatives?
It is possible to use yum and rpm to install any package in the repository of the distribution. Here is the recipe:
Find the package name
Use yum search.
Download
Download the package and all of its dependencies using yumdownloader (which is available on CentOS by default). You'll need to pass it --resolve to get dependency resolution. yumdownloader downloads to the current directory unless you specify a --destdir.
mkdir -p ~/rpm
yumdownloader --destdir ~/rpm --resolve vim-common
Choose a prefix location
It might be ~, ~/centos, or ~/y. If your home is slow because it is on a network file system, you can put it in /var/tmp/....
mkdir ~/centos
Extract all .rpm packages
Extract all .rpm packages to your chosen prefix location.
cd ~/centos && rpm2cpio ~/rpm/x.rpm | cpio -id
rpm2cpio outputs the .rpm file as a .cpio archive on stdout.
cpio reads it from from stdin
-i means extract (to the current directory)
-d means create missing directory
You can optionally use -v: verbose
Configure the environment
You will need to configure the environment variable PATH and LD_LIBRARY_PATH for the installed packages to work correctly. Here is the corresponding sample from my ~/.bashrc:
export PATH="$HOME/centos/usr/sbin:$HOME/centos/usr/bin:$HOME/centos/bin:$PATH"
export MANPATH="$HOME/centos/usr/share/man:$MANPATH"
L='/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib:/usr/lib64'
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$HOME/centos/usr/lib:$HOME/centos/usr/lib64:$L"
Edited note (thanks to #AmitNaidu for pointing out my mistake):
According to bash documentation about startup files, when connecting to a server via ssh, only .bashrc is sourced:
Invoked by remote shell daemon
Bash attempts to determine when it is being run with its standard input connected to a network connection, as when executed by the remote shell daemon, usually rshd, or the secure shell daemon sshd. If Bash determines it is being run in this fashion, it reads and executes commands from ~/.bashrc, if that file exists and is readable.
Now if you want to install a lot of packages that way, you might want to automate the process. If so, have a look at this repository.
Extra note: if you are trying to install any of gcc, zlib, make, cmake, git, fish, zsh or tmux , you should really consider using conda, see my other answer.
TL;DR Use Miniconda, conda-forge is amazing.
curl "https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh" | sh
Or, alternatively:
curl https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh > Miniconda.sh
bash Miniconda.sh -b -p ~/conda
# -b is used to specify that this is done "in batch", so skip the EULA prompt
# -p lets you specify where you want conda installed
Commonly wanted packages:
gcc conda install gcc
zlib conda install zlib
make conda install make
cmake conda install cmake
git conda install git
fish conda install -c conda-forge fish
zsh conda install -c ActivisionGameScience zsh
tmux conda install -c conda-forge tmux
This tmux has a bug with the name of the ncurse library it uses. You can work around it by going to your da/lib folder and symlinking ln -sT libtinfow.so.6.1 libtinfo.so.6
For the rest, you can try https://anaconda.org/search?q=.
I've tried for a long time to get a package manager to work well on CentOS/RedHat but without success. The best I could do was to install a Gentoo Prefix at the correct location on another CentOS with root access, then scp a .tar.xz of the whole installation to the target server (only way to get a proper gcc for Gentoo Prefix). I could emerge (build & install) packages on the target server but kept hitting problems with locals and permissions.
I recently achieved a user installation of some interesting packages using conda. Here is how to install it from the command line:
curl "https://repo.continuum.io/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh" | sh
If like me, your home folder is hosted on a remote drive (a network file system), you might not want to install it in your home folder, so you might want to use something like mkdir /var/tmp/lo then specify an installation folder like /var/tmp/lo/da during the installation.
You'll then be able to install quite a lot of packages, though maybe not all those you wanted. Most of the time, if it is not in the default channel, it will be in conda-forge. You can check for existing packages at https://anaconda.org/search?q=
Other package managers I've tried to use after conda:
Linuxbrew
I thought that with that it would be easy to install homebrew (linuxbrew) but their sources are messy and use hard-coded absolute path to ruby interpreter, which fails because it isn't the last version and so on and so on and I gave up.
Nix
Nix still requires you to use the /nix folder. They hard-coded it too and it's hard to sed it correctly from every download it has to do during the installation (let alone updates).
Gentoo Prefix
I expect Gentoo Prefix to be easier to install directly now that we gcc can be used on the target server. -- Ok, I tried but met permissions bugs during installation (2018-09-28):
portage.exception.OperationNotPermitted: chown(b'~/gentoo/tmp/var/tmp/portage/sys-apps/gentoo-functions-0.12/image/var', 2000, 2000)
PkgSrc
I'm going to try pkgsrc now. -- Use (older) version 64-bit EL 6.x if on CentOS 6 or if encountering (G)LibC version issues with the 7.x one. -- No luck, pkgsrc hard codes /usr/pkg/sbin and /usr/pkg/bin. So it can't be used as user, unless maybe setting up a fakechroot environment. But I've never done that and I expect usability issues.
Please comment/answer if you succeed in installing any other package manager.
Download the packages, and indicate to include dependencies with the --resolve flag.
yumdownloader --resolve openslide-tools
Iterate over all downloaded rpm files.
for i in *.rpm; do rpm2cpio $i | cpio -idv; done
the output will be stored in your present working directory $PWD/usr/*
This answer by goldilocks sounds like what you are looking for.
https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/61295
It's still not a pretty process, but seems easier than building from source.
Otherwise you might want to look into non-root package managers as an alternative to yum.
Yes it is. If the software is packaged in repos. And admin installed
PackageKit-command-not-found package.
See:
https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/PackageKitCommandNotFound
I am new to Linux (new as in installed it yesterday), I need it for my programming course in the university and I've been told to install specific versions of specific programs, but though I've used apt-get install to install them (having previously done apt-get update) they aren't in the correct version.
The programs that I need are make 4.0 and valgrind 3.10.1.
apt-get installs make 3.81 and valgrind 3.10.0.SVN.
I have tried typing "apt-get install make4.0" and "apt-get install valgrind10.3.1" to no avail. I have downloaded them from the internet and followed what instructions I could understand to install the newer versions but it keeps saying that I have the older ones. (I'm not sure if I can post direct links here, if I can let me know and I'll post where I got them from).
What have I been doing wrong? How can I fix this?
I am currently running Linux Mint.
Thanks for any answer in advance.
Due to a long-standing unresolved Debian bug report, GNU Make remained the age-old 3.81 in Debian for a very long time, and as a consequence, in Debian-based distributions such as Ubuntu and Mint.
The latest Debian release, Jessie, has upgraded to 4.0, so Debian-based distributions will have that upgrade. However, it is better to use 4.1.
This has been discussed many times on the GNU Make mailing list and elsewhere.
So to get a newer version, you must compile it from scratch.
This is easy:
Install the required packages (gcc, make and such).
Open up a shell (if you're using the GUI, a terminal window).
Type the following commands (or something equivalent, e.g. you can use curl instead of wget):
cd /tmp
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-4.1.tar.gz
tar xvf make-4.1.tar.gz
cd make-4.1/
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
rm -rf make-4.1.tar.gz make-4.1
Now, make 4.1 is in /usr/local/bin/make.
You can verify it is there with whereis make.
You can make it your default make by prefixing /usr/local/bin to your $PATH variable in your shell startup file; for instance, in .profile or .bashrc if you use the bash shell.
Don't try to install a self-compiled make (or anything else that doesn't come from the distribution's package manager) into /bin or /usr/bin; doing that will confuse your package manager.
I'm a little familiar with command line but I'm still having problems running GNU Typist/gtypist. http://www.gnu.org/software/gtypist/
Can anyone give me really basic step-by-step instructions for a Mac?
Install using Homebrew
brew install gnu-typist
gtypist
You can also install it directly from the sources (note that for building from the sources you have to install XCode - it's free and you can download it from App Store):
Get the source of gnu typist
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gtypist/gtypist-2.9.tar.gz
Get the source of ncurses
I am downloading it from GNU pages here:
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses//ncurses-6.0.tar.gz.sig
But you can get most recent version directly from maintainer's page:
ftp://ftp.invisible-island.net/ncurses/ncurses.tar.gz
Create place where you want to have all the stuff
mkdir ~/opt/usr
Build ncurses - pay attention to --enable-widec
./configure --enable-widec --with-shared --prefix=$HOME/opt/usr/
make; make install
Build gnutypist
export LDFLAGS="-L$HOME/opt/usr/lib"
export CFLAGS="-I$HOME/opt/usr/include"
./configure --prefix=$HOME/opt/usr/
make; make install
Run gnutypist
cd $HOME/opt/usr/bin
./gtypist
Alternatively to brew you can use MacPorts (macos package manager)
Installation command:
sudo port install gtypist
Link to the port summary page:
https://ports.macports.org/port/gtypist/summary
To install additional packages for Cygwin, do I just need to run the setup.exe again and choose from the packages list?
Also, doing this won't harm my computer in terms of 2 Cygwin instances being installed or problems of that kind (I'm kind of a noobie with these things).
Last, there is no package manager in Cygwin which you can run in the command line? Something similar to Pip in Python.
No, adding additional packages doesn’t modify the current settings. There is a
package manager called apt-cyg which installes additional packages from
command-line. To install apt-cyg follow the below steps:
wget rawgit.com/transcode-open/apt-cyg/master/apt-cyg
install apt-cyg /bin
Note: wget should be installed for downloading the apt-cyg. To Use apt-cyg for
installing additional package (after following the above steps):
apt-cyg install ncurses
No, it doesn't hurt the current setup. The install program knows what's installed already.
Having said that, I long ago got into the habit of installing all of Cygwin since, despite its size, it's still minuscule compared to the size of modern hard disks. That way, you won't ever have to worry about whether a package is installed or not.
Re-run the setup executable like "cygwin_setup-x86_64.exe" should do it.
"Install from Internet"
Accept your existing root directory (from your existing installation)
Use your existing "Local Package Directory"
On the screen, view "Full"
Search for the new package you want to add
Go through the installation
Additional option, may be helpful for someone:
To install additional packages in windows from windows command line you can use your cygwin installer.
I suppose, you've already downloaded it to install cygwin from here https://cygwin.com/install.html.
$ setup-x86_64.exe -q -P graphviz
see this guide for details:
http://preshing.com/20141108/how-to-install-the-latest-gcc-on-windows/
There is no package management in Cygwin outside of the setup program. The setup only applies updates to your current installation, it does not overwrite packages than what you already have.
So if you want new packages just rerun the setup program to install packages.
You can just look for the package binaries and decompress them in the C:\cygwin\bin folder.
I did that for dos2unix ( https://cygwin.com/packages/summary/dos2unix.html ) and trying it out now.