All standards compliant applications in Linux store a desktop schema in /usr/share/applications/. In my particular use case, I have a WnckWindow data structure and I can get a pid from that. Using this pid, I can extract the command line from the proc.
Unfortunately, it seems that the proc command line entry does not match the desktop schema launch parameters. For example, the 'thunderbird' application is launched via /usr/bin/thunderbird but this is just a shell script which activates the real executable: /usr/lib/thunderbird-8.0/thunderbird-bin.
The real executable cannot be launched directly as it is dependent on the library paths configured in the /usr/bin/thunderbird script. Does anyone have any advice on how to match process id numbers to the appropriate desktop schema without getting caught by the issue I've described?, Thanks.
Ok, well, it appears that there's no nice way of solving this using the pid, however, it is relatively easy to match the Wnck windows class to application desktop schemas. The Wnck windows class needs to be preprocessed a little first to ensure that the filter works but it's pretty trivial stuff. Once you've got a good set of target strings, eg 'Thunderbird' or 'Google' + 'Chrome', you can use the system application menu API to zero in on a likely candidate, for example, by using garcon on Xfce.
Related
First, take note that I am using the Xilinx SDK 2018.2 on Kubuntu 22.04 because of my companies policy. I know from research, that the command I'm using is deprecated in newer versions, but in the version I am using, it works flawlessly - kind of... But read for yourself:
My task is to automate all steps in the FPGA build to create a pipeline which automatically builds and tests the FPGAs. To achieve this, I need to build the code - this works flawlessly in XSDK. For automation, this also has to work in the command line, so what I did is following the manual to find out how this is achieved. Everything works as expected if I write it in the interactive prompt like shown here:
user#ubuntuvm:~$ xsct
****** Xilinx Software Commandline Tool (XSCT) v2018.2
**** Build date : Jun 14 2018-20:18:43
** Copyright 1986-2018 Xilinx, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
xsct%
Then I can enter the commands I need to import all needed files and projects (hw, bsp, main project). With this toolset, everything works as expected.
Because I want to automate it via a pipeline, I decided to pack this into a script for easier access. The script contains exactly the commands I entered in the interactive shell and therefore looks like this:
user#ubuntuvm:~/gitrepos/repository$ cat ../autoBuildScript.tcl
setws /home/user/gitrepos/repository
openhw ./hps_packages/system.hdf
openbsp ./bsp_packages/system.mss
importprojects ./sources/mainApp
importprojects ./bsp_packages
importprojects ./hps_packages
regenbsp -bsp ./bsp_packages/system.mss
projects –clean
projects -build
The commands are identical to the ones entered via the interactive CLI tool, the only difference is that this is now packed into a script. The difference is, that this now does not build completely anymore. I get the following error:
user#ubuntuvm:~/gitrepos/repository$ xsct ../autoBuildScript.tcl
INFO: [Hsi 55-1698] elapsed time for repository loading 1 seconds
Starting xsdk. This could take few seconds... done
'mainApp' will not be imported... [ALREADY EXIST]
'bsp_packages' will not be imported... [ALREADY EXIST]
'hps_packages' will not be imported... [ALREADY EXIST]
/opt/Xilinx/SDK/2018.2/gnu/microblaze/lin
unexpected arguments: –clean
while executing
"error "unexpected arguments: $arglist""
(procedure "::xsdb::get_options" line 69)
invoked from within
"::xsdb::get_options args $options"
(procedure "projects" line 12)
invoked from within
"projects –clean"
(file "../autoBuildScript.tcl" line 8)
I've inserted projects -clean only, because I got the error before with projects -build and wanted to check, if this also happens with another argument.
In the internet I didn't really find anything according to my specific problem. Also I strictly held on to the official manual, in which the command is also used just as I use it - but with the result of it being working.
Also, I've checked the line endings (set to UNIX) because I suspected xsct to read maybe a newline character or something similar, with no result. This error also occurs, when I create the bsp and hardware from sketch. Also, to me the error looks like an internal one from Xilinx, but let me know what you think.
So, it appears that I just fixed the problem on my own. Thanks on everyone reading for being my rubber ducky.
Apparently, the version 2018.2 of XSDK has a few bugs, including inconsistency with their command interpretation. For some reason the command works in the interactive shell, but not in the script - because the command is in its short form. I just learned from a Xilinx tutorial, that projects -build is - even though it works - apparently not the full command. You usually need to clarify, that this command should come from the SDK like this: sdk projects -build. The interactive shell seems to ignore this fact for a reason - and so does the script for any command except projects. Therefore, I added the "sdk" prefix to all commands which I used from the SDK, just to be safe.
I cannot believe, that I just debugged 2 days for an error whose fix only contains 3 (+1 whitespace) letters.
Thanks everybody for reading and have a nice day
I amm writing a little python script that will grab information from VMs of Windows that I am running.
At the moment I can list the processes on a 32bit XP machine with the following method:
http://code.activestate.com/recipes/305279/
Is it possible to somehow detect the version of windows running and excute a different method for getting the processes on a 64bit machine, I am trying to get the processes from a 64Bit Vista and 64bit Windows 7.
Any ideas?
If you don't want to rely on any extra installed modules then you can parse the output of wmic, e.g.:
c:\> wmic process get description,executablepath
...
explorer.exe C:\Windows\explorer.exe
cmd.exe C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cmd.exe
conhost.exe C:\Windows\system32\conhost.exe
...
Reference: http://geekpedia.wordpress.com/2008/08/18/use-command-line-to-track-windows-processes/
There is another recipe on activestate that does a similar thing, but uses the Performance Data Helper library (PDH) instead.
I have tested this on my Windows 7 64bit machine and it works there - so presumably the same function will work on both 32bit and 64 bit windows.
You can find the recipe here: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/303339/
Another method is using WMI, there is an example here in Python using the wmi module:
http://timgolden.me.uk/python/wmi/cookbook.html
import wmi
c = wmi.WMI ()
for process in c.Win32_Process ():
print process.ProcessId, process.Name
The cleanest way I found to solve this was to use the psutil library as recommended by Robert Lujo:
psutil.process_iter()
Note that it returns a generator object, issuing a process object at a time. For example if you need the list of process names, you can do something like:
[p.name() for p in psutil.process_iter()]
For similar purposes I have used psutil library. Some hints:
list processes with psutil.pids() (reference)
inspect process information with process = psutil.Process(pid) (reference)
do process.kill or process.terminate()
Installation on windows - pip will do installation from the source (which means compiling), so you probably want to download binary installation from https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/#downloads.
You should be able to do this by exposing Windows Management Instrumentation within each VM. This tool gives you access to a bunch of system data, including processes, see http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc757287%28WS.10%29.aspx
You should be able to popen one of the commands in the preceding link to get the info you're looking for.
Context
I'm building my complete debian system configuration,
so I'm modifying the keyboard and console setups.
I prefer not to modify the base files to keep a maximum
commpatibility and modularity. So I want to use VARIANT
(see setupcon (5)) and load them at init.
But not sure I'm doing it right.
Desired Architecture
I will only use keyboard file for the following example.
There is the base file /etc/default/keyboard
And two possible custom files (according to setupcon (5))
~/.keyboard
/etc/default/keyboard.variant
~/.keyboard
It provides a custom behaviour per $HOME (user)
/etc/default/keyboard.variant
A global and default keyboard setup
I would like to use the three at a time.
Problem
The daemon calling setupcon are console-setup and console-setup-mini
(according to the coments in their initd scripts). They are started
before login shell, so won't know ~/.keyboard.
setupcon needs to be called
setupcon variant
or, looking at the sources, with a variable $VARIANT
VARIANT=variant
What is the best solution to adopt, saving a maximum modularity.
Thank you,
I am writing a small command line utility. It should hopefully be able to run on OSX, UNIX and Linux.
It needs to save a few preferences somewhere, like in a small YAML config file.
Where would one save such a file?
Language: Python 2.7
OS: *nix
Commonly, these files go somewhere like ~/.rc (eg: ~/.hgrc). This could be the path to a file, or to a directory if you need lots of configuration settings.
For a nice description see http://www.linuxtopia.org/online_books/programming_books/art_of_unix_programming/ch10s03.html
I would avoid putting the file in the ~ directory only because it has gotten totally flooded with crap. The recent trend, at least on ubuntu, is to use ~/.config/<appname>/ for whatever dot files you need. I really like that convention.
If your application is named "someapp" you save the configuration in a file such as $HOME/.someapp. You can give the config file an extension if you like. If you think your app may have more than one config file you can use the directory $HOME/.someapp and create regular-named (not hidden) files in there.
Many cross-platform tools use the same path on OS X as on linux (and other POSIX/non-Windows platforms). The main advantage of using the POSIX locations isn't saving a few lines of code, but saving the need for Mac-specific instructions, and allowing Mac users to get help from the linux users in the community (without any need to translate their suggestions).
The other alternative is to put them in the "Mac-friendly" locations under ~/Library instead. The main advantage of using the Mac locations is basically "Apple says so"—unless you plan to sandbox your code, in which case the main advantage is that you can do so.
If you choose to use the Library locations, you should read About the OS X File System and OS X Library Directory Details in the File System Programming Guide, but here's the short version:
Almost everything: Create a subdirectory with your app's name or bundle ID (unless you're going out of your way to set a bundle ID, you'll get org.python.python, which you don't want…) under ~/Library/Application Support. Ideally you should use APIs like -[NSFileManager URLForDirectory:inDomain:appropriateForURL:create:error:] to get the path; if not, you have to deal with things like localization, sandbox containers, etc. manually.
Anything that can be easily re-created (so it doesn't need to be backed up, migrated, etc.): An identically-named subdirectory of ~/Library/Caches.
Preferences: Use the NSUserDefaults or CFPreferences APIs instead. If you use your own format, the "old" way of doing things is to create a subdirectory under ~/Library/Preferences named with your app's name or bundle ID, and put your files in that. Apple no longer recommends that, but doesn't really recommend an alternative (short of "use CFPreferences, damnit!"); many apps (e.g., Aquamacs) still do it the old way, but others instead pretend they're not preferences and store them under Application Support.
In Python, this works as follows (leaving out the error handling, and assuming you're going by name instead of setting a bundle ID for yourself):
from Foundation import *
fm = NSFileManager.defaultManager()
appsupport = (fm.URLForDirectory_inDomain_appropriateForURL_create_error_(
NSApplicationSupportDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, None, True, None)[0].
URLByAppendingPathComponent_isDirectory_(
appname, True))
caches = (fm.URLForDirectory_inDomain_appropriateForURL_create_error_(
NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, None, True, None)[0].
URLByAppendingPathComponent_isDirectory_(
appname, True))
prefs = NSUserDefaults.persistentDomainForName_(appname)
I am using visual studio 2008 and MFC. I accept arguments using a subclass of CCommandLineInfo and overriding ParseParam().
Now I want to pass these arguments to the application while running. For example "test.exe /start" and then to type in the console "test.exe /initialize" to be initialized again.
is there any way to do that?
Edit 1: Some clarifications. My program starts with "test.exe /start". I want to type "test.exe /initialize" and initialize the one and only running process (without closing/opening). And by initialize I mean to read a different XML file, to change some values of the interface and other things.
I cannot think of an easy way to accomplish what you're asking about.
However, you could develop your application to specifically receive commands, and given those commands take any actions you wanted based upon receiving them. Since you're already using MFC, you can do this rather easily. Create a Window (HWND) for your application and register it. It doesn't have to be visible (this won't necessarily make you application a GUI application). Implement a WndProc, and define specific messages that you will receive based on WM_USER + <xxx>.
First and obvious question is why you want to have threads, instead of processes.
You may use GetCommandLine and CommandLineToArgvW to get the fully formatted command line. Detect the arguments, and the call CreateProcess or ShellExecute passing /watever to spawn the process. You may also want to use GetModuleBaseName to get the name of your own EXE.