Given a compressed archive file such as application.tar.gz which has a folder application/x/y/z.jar among others, I'd like to be able to take my most recent version of z.jar and update/refresh the archive with it.
Is there a way to do this other than something like the following?
tar -xzf application.tar.gz
cp ~/myupdatedfolder/z.jar application/x/y
tar -czf application application.tar.gz
I understand the -u switch in tar may be of use to avoid having to untar the whole thing, but I'm unsure how to use it exactly.
Well, I found the answer.
You can't use tar -u with a zipped archive. So the solution I used was the following. Note that I moved the z.jar file to a folder I created in the current directory called application/x/y for this purpose.
gzip -d application.tar.gz
tar -uf application.tar application/x/y/z.jar
gzip application.tar
When I did a tar -tf application.tar (after the update, before the gzip) it showed up properly.
If the file you want to update is text file. Then you can use vim editor directly to open the tarball that contains the file and open it, just like open folder using vim editor. Then modify the file and save it and quit.
However, if the file is a binary. I have no idea about the solution.
in my case, I had to delete the file and then add the new file with the following steps:
my tar file
file.tar
└── foo.json
└── bar.json
└── dir
└── zoo.json
and I wanted only to modify/update foo.json file without extracting and re-creating the whole tar file file.tar, Here are the commands:
tar -x -f file.tar foo.json # extract only foo.json file to my current location
# now modify the file foo.json as you want ...
tar --delete -f file.tar foo.json # delete the foo.json file from the file.tar
tar -uf file.tar foo.json # add the specific file foo.json to file.tar
compressed file:
if it is compressed file, like file.tar.gz, you will need to extract the tar file from the compressed file (in this example gzip) by using gunzip file.tar.gz which will create for you the tar file file.tar. then you will be able to do the above steps.
at the end you should compress the tar file again by using gzip file.tar which will create for you compressed file with the name file.tar.gz
sub directories:
in order to handle sub dirs you will have to keep the same structure also in the file system:
tar -x -f file.tar dir/zoo.json
# now modify the file dir/zoo.json as you want ...
tar --delete -f file.tar dir/zoo.json
tar -uf file.tar dir/zoo.json
view the file structure:
by using the less command, you can view the structure of the file:
less file.tar
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2020-10-18 11:43 foo.json
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2020-10-18 11:43 bar.json
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2020-10-18 11:43 dir/zoo.json
Related
I need to create targ.gz file and contents of file should be at root folder
say. I want angle and Simple files at root of tarfile shown at bottom. Any suggestions. I tried as below but extra folder is created at root
tar -zcvf tarfile.tar.gz -C /example/tarFile .
./
./angle.txt
./Simple.jar
tar -zcvf tarfile.tar.gz -C /example/tarFile .
./angle.txt
./Simple.jar
Please try this
tar -czvf tarfile.tar.gz /example/tarFile
after creating tar file use cp or mv command to move anywhere you want.
I made several backups on different directories with Backup Manager. Eg: /home/user1 /home/user2...
It gives me some tar files. The content of a tar file looks like :
home/user1/
home/user1/.profile
home/user1/.bash_history
home/user1/.bash_logout
...
I tried to test the restoration with something like :
tar -xvzf home.user1.tar.gz -C home/user1
But the command above recreate all the structure inside the choosen directory. That gives /home/user1/home/user1/filname1.
So I guess I should use the command specifying the home directory (/home) instead of the user directory. But is there any risk to erase other user's directories in /home ?
Thks for your time.
Actually tar does not erase data as a default. But any files that are contained within the tar archive will overwrite files of the same name if they are already present. Likewise a sub-directory's contents will not be overwritten if the tar archive does not contain files matching them.
mkdir -p foo/bar/
touch foo/file1 foo/bar/file1
tar -cf foo.tar foo/
rm -rf foo
mkdir -p foo/bar/
touch foo/file2 foo/bar/file2
tar -xf foo.tar
ls foo foo/bar/
As once can see both file1 and file2 are present and the newly unarchived directory did not overwrite the old. Here is the output of ls from my system:
foo:
bar file1 file2
foo/bar/:
file1 file2
I have a folder of files and they will be in a pattern similar to this:
original.jpg
original.200px.jpg
original.300px.jpg
original.preview.jpg
original.slider.jpg
filetwo.jpg
filetwo.200px.jpg
filetwo.300px.jpg
filetwo.preview.jpg
filetwo.slider.jpg
imagethree.jpg
imagethree.200px.jpg
imagethree.300px.jpg
imagethree.preview.jpg
imagethree.slider.jpg
I want to ONLY select the original file (original.jpg, filetwo.jpg, imagethree.jpg) and omit the server generated files. I'm trying to create a tar file of just those original files and not the dynamically generated copies.
tar -tf file.tar --wildcards '*.jpg' --exclude '*.*.jpg'
Output:
filetwo.jpg
imagethree.jpg
original.jpg
Just change -t to -x to extract instead.
To create the archive:
tar -cf file.tar *.jpg --wildcards --exclude '*.*.jpg'
My goal:
having a shellscript for a cronjob (on MacOSX Snow Leopard) that connects to a Debian machine with ssh (public/private key login), executes a tar command and downloads the tarred file afterwards.
My problem:
The login works, also the execution of some commands. But how can I download a file back to the local machine?
This is what I have so far:
This is the content of the shell script so far:
#!/bin/bash
ssh user#remotehost << 'ENDSSH'
tar -C / -czf /home/user/stuff.tar.gz /home/user/stuff
ENDSSH
Short and simple, no heredoc needed.
ssh -Te none user#remotehost "tar -C / -cz /home/user/stuff" >stuff.tar.gz
Stream it back.
#!/bin/bash
ssh user#remotehost << 'ENDSSH' > stuff.tar.gz
tar -C / -czf - /home/user/stuff
ENDSSH
this might be want you want.
scp stuff.tar.gz user#remotehost:/"directory to place this file"/
Simply rsync the file once it's created:
#!/bin/bash
ssh user#remotehost tar -C / -czf /home/user/stuff.tar.gz /home/user/stuff
rsync -chavP --stats user#remotehost:/home/user/stuff.tar.gz .
This does initiate a second connection to remotehost but will save you copying data across the network when the file has not changed (much) since the last time it was archived.
Why downloading the tar file and not create the tar content on stdout?
Ie:
ssh user#machine '(' cd /the/dir '&&' tar cf - list of files ')' >archive.tar
I. How to compress files or folders via SSH
For different compressed formats, you need to use different command lines:
Zip
To compress a file or folder to a zip file:
zip -r file.zip file
Bz2
To compress a file (ONLY) to a bz2 file:
Bzip2 -zk file
Gz
To compress a file (ONLY) to a gz file:
gzip -c file > file.gz
By the way, you need to change the above "file" to the file name with extension (if any) you want to compress, while you can replace the following "xxx" with any keywords:
Tar
To compress one file or folder to a tar file:
tar -cvf xxx.tar file
To compress multiple files and/or folders to a tar file:
tar -cvf xxx.tar file1 file2 folder1 folder2 ...
Tar.bz2
To compress one file or folder to a tar.bz2 file:
tar -cvjf xxx.tar.bz2 file
To compress multiple files and/or folders to a tar.bz2 file:
tar -cvjf xxx.tar.bz2 file1 file2 folder1 folder2 ...
Tar.gz
To compress one file or folder to a tar.gz file:
tar -cvzf xxx.tar.gz file
To compress multiple files and/or folders to a tar.gz file:
tar -cvzf xxx.tar.gz file1 file2 folder1 folder2 ...
II. How to extract file via SSH
To extract a file will be easier, since you don't need to worry about folders:
Zip
To extract a zip file:
unzip file.zip
Bz2
To extract a bz2 file:
bunzip2 file.bz2
Gz
To extract a gz file:
gzip -d file.gz
Tar
To extract a tar file:
tar -xvf file.tar
Tar.bz2
To extract a tar.bz2 file:
tar -xvjf file.tar.bz2
Tar.gz
To extract a tar.gz file:
tar -xvzf file.tar.gz
By the way, you need to replace the above "file"s of the compressed files with the real file names.
Bonus:
Besides remote servers, the above command lines are also available for a Mac OS computer with the Terminal application.
I'm working on a backup script and want to tar up a file directory:
tar czf ~/backup.tgz /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
This tars it up, but when I untar the resulting file, it includes the full file structure: the files are in home/username/drupal/sites/default/files.
Is there a way to exclude the parent directories, so that the resulting tar just knows about the last directory (files)?
Use the --directory option:
tar czf ~/backup.tgz --directory=/home/username/drupal/sites/default files
Hi I've a better solution when enter in the specified directory it's impossible (Makefiles,etc)
tar -cjvf files.tar.bz2 -C directory/contents/to/be/compressed .
Do not forget the dot (.) at the end !!
cd /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
tar czf ~/backup.tgz *
Create a tar archive
tar czf $sourcedir/$backup_dir.tar --directory=$sourcedir WEB-INF en
Un-tar files on a local machine
tar -xvf $deploydir/med365/$backup_dir.tar -C $deploydir/med365/
Upload to a server
scp -r -i $privatekey $sourcedir/$backup_dir.tar $server:$deploydir/med365/
echo "File uploaded.. deployment folders"
Un-tar on server
ssh -i $privatekey $server tar -xvf $deploydir/med365/$backup_dir.tar -C $deploydir/med365/
To gunzip all txt (*.txt) files from /home/myuser/workspace/zip_from/
to /home/myuser/workspace/zip_to/ without directory structure of source files use following command:
tar -P -cvzf /home/myuser/workspace/zip_to/mydoc.tar.gz --directory="/home/myuser/workspace/zip_from/" *.txt
If you want to tar files while keeping the structure but ignore it partially or completely when extracting, use the --strip-components argument when extracting.
In this case, where the full path is /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files, the following command would extract the tar.gz content without the full parent directory structure, keeping only the last directory of the path (e.g. files/file1).
tar -xzv --strip-components=5 -f backup.tgz
I've found this tip on https://www.baeldung.com/linux/tar-archive-without-directory-structure#5-using-the---strip-components-option.
To build on nbt's and MaikoID's solutions:
tar -czf destination.tar.gz -C source/directory $(ls source/directory)
This solution:
Includes all files and folders in the directory
Does not include any of the directory structure (or .) in the final product
Does not require you to change directories.
However, it requires the directory to be given twice, so it may be most useful in another script. It may also be less efficient if there are a lot of files/folders in source/directory. Adjust the subcommand as necessary.
So for instance for the following structure:
|- source
| |- one
| `- two
`- working
the following command:
working$ tar -czf destination.tar.gz -C ../source $(ls ../source)
will produce destination.tar.gz where both one and two (and sub-files/-folders) are the first items.
This worked for me:
gzip -dc "<your_file>.tgz" | tar x -C <location>
For me -C or --directory did not work, I use this
cd source/directory/or/file
tar -cvzf destination/packaged-app.tgz *.jar
# this will put your current directory to what it previously was
cd -
Kindly use the below command to generate tar file without directory structure
tar -C <directoryPath> -cvzf <Path of the tar.gz file> filename1 filename2... filename N
eg:
tar -C /home/project/files -cvzf /home/project/files/test.tar.gz text1.txt text2.txt
tar -Cczf ~/backup.tgz /home/username/drupal/sites/default/files
-C does the cd for you