I believe there is a method to write a comment in a file that vim will use to override default tabbing and indent values.
Can someone point me to information about this feature and how to use it?
Per-file settings can be done using "modeline magic".
The basic idea is that you can add a comment to an individual file like this:
/* vim: set tabstop=8:softtabstop=8:shiftwidth=8:noexpandtab */
Within vim, you should review:
:help auto-setting
:help modeline
:help modelines
Related
How can i do that gvim will auto tab back when I write the word 'end'
(like it does when Im write '}')
I add this rows to gvimrc
set smartindent
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set expandtab
Thanks.
You can use a plugin like vim-endwise to achieve this. This plugin will de-indent the current line when you type end accordingly. Not only that, if for example you are using Ruby, then the plugin will insert end appropriately, whenever you are starting a method or a condition and so on, like def, if, etc.
More Information: https://github.com/tpope/vim-endwise
If you are writing in one of the languages that vim recognizes, then chances are good that someone has already written an indentation plugin. Try
:filetype indent on
:e foo.???
:help :filetype-indent-on
OK, so first of all: don't use smartindent. Use filetype-specific indent rules. Vim has built-in support for many file types, or you can define your own using 'indentexpr', see :help 30.3 and :help indent-expression.
When using the 'indentexpr' option, another option called 'indentkeys' defines when Vim will automatically adjust the indent.
I have always been one to replace TABs in VIM with x amount of spaces (usually 4).
Four lines I almost always use in my .vimrc config file are:
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set expandtab
syntax on
Basically, there are moments when I NEED to use a single TAB (such as Makefiles), and I don't know how else to work around that other than leaving the file, editing my .vimrc, and then reloading the file of interest.
That said, what is the quickest way (from within VIM) to revert it back to using TABS, and then reverting back to my original settings? I'm looking for the least-hassle, least-keystrokes solution.
VIM will automatically enable the TAB for a makefile, assuming you name it "makefile," as opposed to "Makefile." Not sure why VIM still doesn't detect the type with a lower-uppercase difference, but such is life. (#Sedrik)
That aside, other alternative solutions are:
Filetype Binding (#ThorstenS #tungd):
autocmd FileType make setlocal noexpandtab
RealTime Switch (#ThorstenS):
Assuming the .vimrc configuration mentioned in the question, do:
:set noet (to switch from spaces to TAB)
and :set et (to switch back)
Just use the magical escape key available in insert mode.
On the *NIX's it is ^V by default when you are in insert mode. On Windows, you need to find out what the magical escape character is - ^V is taken for something else; I think it may be ^Q or ^S?
So! In your makefile:
this: this.c
<C-V><Tab>cc this.c
where the usual meanings apply:
means hit ctrl-V (you should see a ^ hiding away under the cursor)
- hit the tab key. Bingo.
Works for me.
Note: if you use vim settings or startup code which smashes tabs as you read a file, this obviously is a short-term fix. I prefer to learn how to use the retab command to ensure a file is tab-clean, because I don't like a file to be touched unless I consciously choose to do so.
Just type set noexpandtab . Perhaps you bind this to a function key.
Only this configuration helped me solve this problem.
filetype plugin indent on
filetype detect
autocmd FileType make set noexpandtab
Vim defaults to tabstop=8 and noexpandtab, so the defaults are well suited to working with Makefiles. If your .vimrc uses custom options for tabstop, expandtab, etc., one simple solution is to bypass your .vimrc while working with Makefiles.
From the manpage (emphasis mine):
-u {vimrc} Use the commands in the file {vimrc} for initializations. All the other initializations are skipped. Use this to edit a special kind of files. It can also be used to skip all initializations by giving the name "NONE". See ":help initialization" within vim for more details.
Since I can never remember the necessary flag/value/formatting, I've created a Bash alias which remembers for me: alias vimnone='vim -u NONE'
You can create a custom configuration per file type.
mkdir -p ~/.vim/after/indent
echo 'set noexpandtab' >> ~/.vim/after/indent/make.vim
Basically, here we created a new indent configuration for makefiles that will be loaded after other scripts.
source
Emacs, while editing a C file, forces me to follow a particular indentation. When I press tab on an incorrectly indented line, it corrects the indentation. I want this behaviour from my vim editor. Till now I have done the following :
set cindent
set smartindent
set autoindent
set expandtab
set tabstop=2
set shiftwidth=2
set cinkeys=0{,0},:,0#,!,!^F
in my .vimrc file. However, I am not achieving the same emacs-like forced effect as I want.
Is it possible at all in vim ?
'smartindent' is obsolete. There's really no reason you need to have that in your vimrc.
'cindent' overrules 'smartindent', so setting both in your vimrc is pointless. Setting 'cindent' in your vimrc isn't very useful either, since it only really works well on C-like languages.
filetype indent on will enable the filetype-specific indentation plugins (c.f., the indent directory under $VIMRUNTIME). That paired with 'autoindent' at least gives you basic automatic indentation support regardless of what filetype you're editing.
If you want to add indent settings for a specific filetype, you can create your own indent script in ~/.vim/indent/<filetype>.vim, or ~/.vim/after/indent/<filetype>.vim if you're augmenting an existing system-wide indent script.
As the settings you posted show, pressing Ctrlf in insert mode will do what Emacs does when you press Tab. This is described at :help indentkeys-format. 'cinkeys' is used when 'cindent' is enabled and 'indentexpr' is empty. 'indentkeys' is for the reverse. It's just a slight change to modify the setting so Tab can be used in place of/in addition to Ctrlf.
On a final note, I'd recommend learning your way around Vim's help. It's very thorough and easy to use once you figure things out. :help usr_toc is a good place to start for user-level documentation. :help describes some of the basic about navigating the help, how to search for topics, etc.
The == command is what you want, if I understand you correctly. It reindents the current line according to syntax rules.
As for binding it to tab, that's certainly possible, but I have not done that and am not completely sure as to how you can catch the right moment when it should actually insert the tab and when it should reindent.
Personally, I find it less confusing to just press ==. = accepts a range even, so you can go into visual mode, make a selection and tap = and the region will be reindented.
In some files I can see a commented line, usually the last, with vim settings. Does vim read these settings? If it does, are any limitations of what kind of settings man can put there?
They're called modelines and while I'm not sure the extent you can go with them, here's a link to the vimtips wiki with some examples:
http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Modeline_magic
help modeline
from within vim to check out the official docs.
It's this line of code:
[other chars]<spaces>vim:<spaces>settings
Put it in the first or last few lines of the file, note it needs < spaces >. For example:
# vim: tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 expandtab
In short version:
# vim: ts=2 sw=2 et
Put one of the above line in the file, in top or bottom lines, done. For more information, use vim help:
:h modeline
You can check out in the online manual: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/options.html#modeline
And this faq item also refers to it: http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/vimfaq.html#19.5
I have tried the usual approaches, and have read :help tex.vim
(see : http://vimdoc.sourceforge.net/htmldoc/syntax.html )
I've taken a brief look at syntax/tex.vim, but can't see how to disable it without rebuilding vim without folding. I'm sick of hitting 'zE'.
Lines I've tried in my .vimrc:
set foldlevel=manual
set foldlevelstart=99
let g:tex_fold_enabled=0
Just noticed that there are variables to control folding in vim-latex-suite, at least as of v1.6 of the plugin. The functionality is documented here:
http://vim-latex.sourceforge.net/documentation/latex-suite.html#latex-folding
In short you should be able to change three global variables to get rid of all folding:
:let Tex_FoldedSections=""
:let Tex_FoldedEnvironments=""
:let Tex_FoldedMisc=""
That should get rid of all folding. If you want to disable some folding but not all then you can control things by setting the appropriate values for each variable, as described in the documentation link above. Hope that helps.
What about
autocmd Filetype tex setlocal nofoldenable
The folding functionality all seems to located in folding.vim file of latex-suite distribution. This file is referenced in line 825 of my main.vim file in the latex-suite folder of the ftplugin folder. That line reads:
exe 'source '.fnameescape(s:path.'/folding.vim')
Comment out that line and, as far as I can tell, it strips out all the folding in latex-suite plugin. I don't think it affects anything else, but I haven't checked.