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Can someone please point me to articles or books that discusses different programming paradigm (function/logical/OOP)... I am not looking for the syntax details but the ideas that make them good..
for ex: using functional programming we avoid any side-effects.. If I know the idea I could write side effect free program even in a language (OOP) that does not enforce it.
Programming Language Pragmatics gives a pretty thorough overview of different paradigms. The book is about language design, so it talks a lot about syntax, semantics, type systems, target architectures, etc. The newest edition has an entire chapter on logical programming languages and one on functional languages.
As I understand it, the way to write functional in OOP is to make every member final (pretty much always). This avoids side-effects, and although I'm not really down with the functional programming, I think since I've started making variables final wherever possible my code has improved--so it's certainly got some benefits.
There is a reading list about programming language concepts here
I have started reading "Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming" by Peter Van Roy and so far its very good...
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I am looking for a programming language fit for senior citizens that is:
easy to get into
can be used to implement easy functions and concepts (for loops, maybe a plot, etc.).
The language should be very light on the syntax side. The performance in terms of speed etc. is irrelevant.
What I am looking for is a way for people in retirement who are tired of crossword puzzles to be able to code as a pastime.
Thanks for any suggestions.
I think there are good opportunities for learning a programming language e.g. also for seniors. I think "becoming familiar" with the programming language is important. E.g. seeing how it works (samel like "using crossword puzzles"):
Programming language, which ist suitable for kids (and hence for seniors)
Kara - basic ideas of programming langauge will be provided here (
Scratch(visual programming language / Users of the site can create online projects using a block-like-interface)
Open roberta (encourage kids and maybe seniors using robots e.g. Lego Mindstorms)
Nepro programming language
Programming for advanced people (search for pupils and kid programming)
SNAP! (blocks based educational graphical programming language)
GameKit
Maybe there are some seniors with little programming experience from the past (e.g. school) then I would use the "old" programming languages
Lisp
Pascal
I would really recommend to start something easy and something visual, this helps seniors to understand how the algorithms working.
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Please excuse my poor English ,i am new to programming in the past 6 months i have learned java and c and have been suggested to get exposed to functional programming, is haskell a suitable language for a beginner?
Yes, Haskell is a suitable language for a beginner. In some ways it's easier to learn a functional programming language like Haskell if you haven't been steeped in the Object-0riented tradition. Since you're relatively inexperienced as a programmer, you're still learning the basics of how to analyse a problem and break it down into a series of definitions/steps, and how to debug; those skills are transferrable.
You will find Haskell very different from C and Java. But learning a functional programming will help you see different ways of looking at a problem. Even if you never program in Haskell professionally, knowing a functional programming language will make you a better Java or C programmer. And it seems that functional programming is the wave of the future, so it's a good skill to have.
You will find the Haskell community to be one of the friendliest and most helpful programming communities around (user2339071's reaction notwithstanding). So feel free to ask questions. Stack Overflow is not the best place for questions that require an opinion, but it's great when you have a piece of code you need help with.
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One of the best ways to learn about programming is reading high quality code/projects from great engineers. Which open-source projects do you think is worth looking at? I mean, that code that you can print and sit under a tree with a glass of wine and enjoy reading.
If you can, also specify if the software is great to look at because its documentation, design, UML diagrams or just plain code. I believe UML is not very common within open-source projects.
Is there such a thing as a project branch that polishes code and design with the sole objective to give other programmers a great example of great software?
I'm pretty impressed with the Chrome source code. Note: I work on the Chrome team but I'm just one of many. I've learned quite a bit from other people's code, the classes used, their design, the methods of unit testing, integration testing, their code review system, their continuous build system and more.
At the risk of being perceived as a Jon Skeet fanboy, I've looked to his miscellaneous utilities libraries for examples of clear, self-contained, well-documented and well-tested code. .NET, if it matters.
Sharp develop is very well designed and written and comes with a book explaining the design.
It is also very important to understand various different software quality characteristics when you are reading the code samples. This would help you to identify why the coding is good, and which aspect of software quality it gets associated with?
You may want to check out eight different characteristics of software quality specified by ISO 25000 series, also termed as SQUARE specifications.
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I'm wondering is there is a compiled knowledge base of similar functions or functionalities between several programming languages. The reason I'm asking this question is due to the fact that one is learning a new programming language and has extensive knowledge of another, it's often difficult to know or imagine the correlation of functions between those two languages.
Obviously, if such reference exists, it would make learning a new language much easier since one only had to lookup the similar function and eventually memorize it.
Rosetta Code - user-edited wiki focused on implementing tasks in different languages
Syntax across languages - more focused on syntax
Wikipedia: Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)
Syntax across languages is the best one. It catalogs control structures, data types, libraries, comments, and much more. Includes information about Delphi, SML, OCaml, Java, Smalltalk, C++, Ruby, Perl, Python, Lisp, PL/I, PHP, EmacsLisp, and VisualBasic.
The original wiki is quite good because its a free flowing discussion(It's not meant to be a rule based encyclopedia like wikipedia) of programming, which with its focus on history, meandering ways, flame wars, and language fanboyism (all in good fun) tells a lot about how features x in language A is basically/better/sort of equivalent to feature y in language B.
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What are some good links for diving into Haskell and functional programming in general?
Learn You a Haskell for Great Good feels a bit like a Haskell version of Why's (Poignant) Guide to Ruby. Lisperati has a neat Haskell tutorial based on making people happy at a picnic using simulated annealing; it only uses the word "monad" three times!
Real World Haskell is pretty good for a start.
There's also Yet Another Haskell Tutorial and A Gentle Introduction to Haskell
If you are going to look at Real World Haskell then be sure to sign up for the Real World Haskell Book Club which is a great discussion group and which will also be having regular virtual meeting to go chapter-by-chapter through the book.
An oldie but a goodie: "Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming"