I saw a blog of Incremental backups on Microsoft Azure Backup: Save on long term storage. (https://azure.microsoft.com/ja-jp/blog/microsoft-azure-backup-save-on-long-term-storage/)
But I have some questions about the Azure Backup Retention rang process works.
As an example, let us take a data source, A, made up of blocks A1, A2, … A10, which needs to be backed up monthly. Block A2, A3, A4, A9 change in the first month, and A5 changes the next month.
When I set the backup retention range of two months, so after I finished the third backup, can I restore block A10? If I can, can you tell me the process? Because as I know, the data source without change had been deleted.
If it not deleted, as the picture shows, there will have two blocks A2 (the first backup and the second backup)? If this is right, the Total Space occupied will continue to increase.
In Azure backup, first backup is always a full backup and the subsequent backups are incremental in nature.
For example:
1st day full backup (100 GB) on premise to Azure = Successful
2nd day only the changes/ churn rate will be backed up as incremental. Could be 10 GB churn rate/changes as compared to previous day. Likewise this will continue till the 7th day. On 8th day as per the retention policy, the first day recovery point gets deleted and the full backup is merged with the 2nd day incremental backup which becomes the oldest recovery point for you to recover your data. For this day if you restore you will get 100 GB data. Because there was no additional data added to the full backup just the changes within 100 GB were backed up as incremental on the 2nd day.
This same logic applies in your use case as well.
Hope this clarifies!
Let me know if this is confusing or you've additional questions for me that I can help with.
Related
Let's suppose I keep adding 5 GB of data every month. I understand that the first month cost will be based on capacity of 5GB and operations performed on that data. But now if next month I add, say 5GB more, would I be charged for a capacity of 10GB or only the new storage (5GB)?
As per my understanding cost of operations (read/write/tier-change) are on the size of data but what confuses me is the storage capacity, if I am billed for the cumulative capacity or just the new storage.
Please suggest and thanks in advance!!
(Note: I am already planning to apply tier level automation on the unused data, above query is out of curiosity and confusion on the billing specs mentioned here: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-in/pricing/details/storage/blobs/)
You’re charged for the cumulative space.
Taking your example, for the first month you’ll not be charged anything as you’ve only stored 5GB data.
In the 2nd month you added 5GB more so the total data stored is 10GB. Considering first 5GB is free, you’ll only be charged for 5GB.
UPDATE
To answer your additional questions
So lets suppose the storage for the first month is over the free tier,
say 5TB and 5TB more the next month, now the capacity cost next month
is on 10TB or just the 5TB?
Storage costs are calculated on the total amount of data stored. In this case you will be charged for 10TB as the total amount of data stored in that month is 10TB (5TB from previous month + 5TB in the current month).
if I keep storing 5TB every month, it would be significantly more than
the case where I keep archiving the old 5TB every month, is that so
That is correct. I am assuming that by archiving you mean that you will be moving the data in archive access tier. Please note that you will still be charged for the data that is there in the archive access tier. It's just that you will be charged lesser for the data that's there in that tier but you will be charged as Azure Storage is storing that data for you.
To stop paying for the data storage costs, you will need to delete the data.
I'm trying to wrap my head around Azure Backup retention points & want to know if the retention policy I'm choosing is optimal. With reference to the Azure pricing calculator, if I take 30 Daily RPs (Recovery Points) & 5 Yearly RPs, won't my VM data be adequately covered.
screenshot from Azure pricing calculator about RPs
What will I miss if I ignore Weekly & Monthly RPs? What scenarios would need Weekly & Monthly RPs?
If churn happens at a consistent rate daily, then having only daily is also fine
If you see some unexpected churn take an adhoc backup and then give higher retention for that, If you observe that churn is possible mostly during month ends (say for finance applications), then having a monthly point might make sense
I have a spreadsheet which has employee working times, listed as Sat-In and Sat-Out for a specific date. The employee shift spans several ours and each "In-Out" period is recorded as a separate line which means the time between the Sat-Out and the next Sat-In means the employee is on a break. I also calculate the time, in minutes of each "sitting" period.
What I can't seem to figure out is how to add a formula which takes the data and further refines it in this manner:
1. I have a core period of 1030-1530, as an example, which is the busy time and requires the maximum employee coverage. The shifts of employees generally spans this core, but in some cases their shift may start or end in the core.
2. I want to calculate how many minutes the employee worked within the core only. I can obviously do this manually using the data, but a formula would be preferred, if possible.
3. As an example, if a person sat-in at 1445 and sat-out at 1545, the core time calculation would be 45 minutes (1445-1530).
I've attached a snapshot of the data to help my explanation.
FYI - the information is pulled from a database as JSON data and converted to excel. I'm not very familiar with JavaScript, but if someone knows a way to do it programatically, I'm willing to give it a try and learn.
Thanks!
![excel]: https://photos.app.goo.gl/dRSTE72CXNa18RzP8
In below example I've used: =MAX(0,MIN($O$2,H2)-MAX($O$1,G2)), and formatted like [mm].
In Excel, units are days, so if you want to calculate the amount of minutes between two timestamps, you need to subtract both and multiply the differencee by 24*60 (being the amount of minutes in one day).
E.g. You start working at 09:07 (cell B2), and finish at 18:07 (cell B3), having a 45-minutes break. Then the time you worked in minutes, is:
=(B3-B2)*24*60-45
Make sure the cell formatting is correct (general), you'll get : 495.
I've searched by can't find anything, but looking at Azure Storage and AWS S3, the rate at which you're billed is based on how much storage is used; most of these measurements are on a per month basis.
Does this mean there is a one time charge for the storage or does is compound?
EG:
Assumption: $1/1Gb
One month I store 30GB of data, the next month I use another 30GB of data. Does that mean that I would pay $30 each month or would I pay $30 the first month and then $60 the next month. The former is $60 total and the latter being $90 total.
Billing is compounded based on the actual storage used.
Let's assume that on the 1st day of your billing cycle in 1st month, you upload 30 GB and then on the 1st day of your billing cycle in 2nd month, you uploaded another 30 GB.
So for 1st month you stored 30 GB thus the price would be $30 for 1st month. In the 2nd month you stored 60 GB (30 GB from 1st month and 30 GB for the 2nd month) so the price for the 2nd month would be $60. So in total you would be paying $90 in two months.
most of these measurements are on a per month basis
Well, yes and no. The rate is a monthly rate, but for object storage services, it's typical for the bill to be calculated hourly.
Assuming 750 (round number) hours in a month, storing 750GB for around 2 hours would be the same price as storing 2GB for the entire month.
You pay for what you use for as long as you use it, prorated against some minimum time granularity, which is typically an hour.
These questions are answered in the various vendors' documentation.
Note that this is true for object storage services, but not block storage services like Elastic Block Store. These services give you a fixed number of GB of storage capacity in disk volumes, and you are billed for the provisioned capacity because it's all there all the time, whether you are using that space or not.
I have a set of data where varying volumes of gas are being produced every hour of the year (8760 data points) (say i1,i2,...i8760), this gas gets stored in a tank of volume "V". This gas will run one or two engines based on the following criteria:
Run engine 1 all the time which consumes volume A every hour
Run engine 2 when the volume stored in the tank exceeds 0.75*V and run until it falls to 0.25*V
How can I create a model for this in excel? I want to calculate the no. of hours engine 1 and engine 2 can run in a year with the above mentioned constraints.
Thank you in advance for your help.
The various constants are set up in cells A2:E2 then there are 3 formulae:-
In J3, it just adds the new input volume to the volume at the end of the previous cycle:-
=L2+I3
In K3, it tests to see if engine B should run:-
=OR(J3>$D$2,AND(K2,J3>$E$2))
In L3, it works out the volume at the end of the cycle:-
=IF(K3,J3-$B$2-$C$2,J3-$B$2)
It needs some more work to deal with the cases where the tank gets completely full or completely empty.