Editing in Vim I often find myself in a situation where I want to move the position of a closing bracket.
e.g.
First i type
if a == 1 then
Then I realize I really wanted to have brackets around the 'a == 1' part so I go back and put a bracket in and end up with
if ()a == 1 then
I'm using auto-pairs plugin so the paired bracket is correctly generated.
My question is, what is the quickest way to get this to look like:
if (a == 1) then
For example currently I might
escape
use x to delete the second character
f1 to move to the 1
a to append and type ')'
It seems like there should be a way to
escape
move the second bracket a word forward.
With lh--brackets, you would simply have to select a == 1 and press (.
The surround plugin have similar mappings (they require several keys pressed, but they follow more the vim spirit).
If you really want to stay in insert mode, you can press CTRL-V twice, once before pressing (, then before ).
You can also select a == 1, and type s(^R"). (^R is for CTRL-R)
Related
I am reading the vim manual. I am having an unexpected result using the % command.
Here is a quote from the manual:
When the cursor is not on a useful character, "%" will search forward to find
one. Thus if the cursor is at the start of the line of the previous example,
"%" will search forward and find the first "(". Then it moves to its match:
if (a == (b * c) / d)
---+---------------->
%
However, when I repeat the same thing (placing the cursor at the start of the line) and press %, the cursor moves the last ) parenthesis instead.
I didn't configure vim, I am using the default settings. I am wondering if my vim is not configured well. Is there a way to configure vim for it to move the cursor the first parenthesis similar to how it is described in the manual?
I am using gVim on Windows.
"it moves to its match", which means that it will move to the matching paranthesis of the one it found (in this case the closing paranthesis). So it does what it should.
To get back to the first paranthesis you will need to press '%' again!
Also you can use f( to move the cursor to the first open parenthesis (if it's not on the same line, you can use search for it like /( just as easily). This is helpful since you could do something like df( (or d/( to target a different line) to delete everything up to and including the open parenthesis. Whereas relying on a double press of % wouldn't allow that.
I want to wrap some code :
myObj.text;
with a function call where the code is passed as an argument.
console.log(myObj.text);
I've thought about using surround.vim to do that but didn't manage to do it.
Any idea if it's possible ? I
With Surround in normal mode:
ysiwfconsole.log<CR>
With Surround in visual mode:
Sfconsole.log<CR>
Without Surround in normal mode:
ciwconsole.log(<C-r>")<Esc>
Without Surround in visual mode:
cconsole.log(<C-r>")<Esc>
But that's not very scalable. A mapping would certainly be more useful since you will almost certainly need to do it often:
xnoremap <key> cconsole.log(<C-r>")<Esc>
nnoremap <key> ciwconsole.log(<C-r>")<Esc>
which brings us back to Surround, which already does that—and more—very elegantly.
I know and use two different ways to accomplish this:
Variant 1:
Select the text you want to wrap in visual mode (hit v followed by whatever movements are appropriate).
Replace that text by hitting c, then type your function call console.log(). (The old text is not gone, it's just moved into a register, from where it will be promptly retrieved in step 3.) Hit <esc> while you are behind the closing parenthese, that should leave you on the ) character.
Paste the replaced text into the parentheses by hitting P (this inserts before the character you are currently on, so right between the ( and the )).
The entire sequence is v<movement>c<functionName>()<esc>P.
Variant 2:
Alternatively to leaving insert mode and pasting from normal mode, you can just as well paste directly from insertion mode by hitting <ctrl>R followed by ".
The entire sequence is v<movement>c<functionName>(<ctrl>R")<esc>.
You can use substitution instruction combined with visual mode
To change bar to foo(bar):
press v and select text you want (plus one more character) to surround with function call (^v$ will select whole text on current line including the newline character at the end)
type :s/\%V.*\%V/foo\(&\)/<CR>
Explanation:
s/a/b/g means 'substitute first match of a with b on current line'
\%V.*\%V matches visual selection without last character
& means 'matched text' (bar in this case)
foo\(&\) gives 'matched text surrounded with foo(...) '
<CR> means 'press enter'
Notes
For this to work you have to visually select also next character after bar (^v$ selects also the newline character at the end, so it's fine)
might be some problems with multiline selections, haven't checked it yet
when I press : in visual mode, it puts '<,'> in command line, but that doesn't interfere with rest of the command (it even prevents substitution, when selected text appears also somewhere earlier on current line) - :'<,'>s/... still works
Having this LOC:
printf("%s (%d)\t(%d)\t%d-%d\t", meta_scanner_token_name($ret['major']), $ret['major'], (string)$ret['dirty'], $ret['start_line'], $ret['minor']);
What is the fastest way in terms of key strokes to enclose the call to meta_scanner_token_name in another function call to foo, yelding:
printf("%s (%d)\t(%d)\t%d-%d\t", foo(meta_scanner_token_name($ret['major'])), $ret['major'], (string)$ret['dirty'], $ret['start_line'], $ret['minor']);
given that
first scenario: my cursor is on 'm' at the beginning of the function?
second scenario: my cursor is somewhere on meta_scanner_token_name?
va)oB would select the entire line, and ys%) would enclose only the m, resulting in:
... (m)eta_sca...
Please answer to both scenarios.
(I am using spf13-vim with default settings except some visual changes, if that has any relevance)
ifoo(<Esc> then f)i)<Esc>
bifoo(<Esc> then f)i)<Esc>
but I'm still a Vim noob
-- EDIT --
I see "Surrounding.vim" is a modified version of "Surround.vim" if it's compatible with Surround you can do:
Scenario 1
vt,sffoo<CR>
vt, to select everything until the first ,
s to launch Surround.vim
f to instruct Surround to input a "function"
foo the identifier
<CR> Enter key.
That's 6 keystrokes not including typing foo which — I think — can't really be avoided.
Scenario 2
bvt,sffoo<CR>
It's the same as scenario 1 except that you type b first to go back to the first letter of meta_scanner_token_name.
Using normal vim you could do this (prefix with b for scenario 2)
`cf)foo()<esc>P`
If your vim plugins add the closing paren for you, you can drop that from the sequence. Depending on where it leaves your cursor, you might need to use p instead of P.
Suppose a line of text reads:
$x = ( frobnicate( foo( bar( $x, $y )[ 1 ]))[ 1 ]);
The cursor is on the 'f' of 'frobnicate' and I want to yank the text which includes the call to frobnicate. (That is, everything up to the 3rd closing parenthesis. I can certainly do:
y3f)
or do it interactively with
vf);;y
but neither of these is appealing. (I don't want to have to count the '3' manually, nor do the repeated find until I hit the end point.) Is there an easy way to accomplish the move from 'f' to the matching closing paren? I'm thinking something like the v_i 'inner word' motion command.
y% seems to work.
From help %:
Find the next item in this line after
or under the cursor and jump to its
match. inclusive motion. Items can
be: ([{}]) parenthesis or
(curly/square) brackets
You could try yel% to position the cursor to the opening parentheses and then jump to the closing one with %, but it does not look much more efficient than your current solution.
The only advantage is that you don't have to count anything, and it works with nested call.
Edit :
as pointed by Peter, y% works and is a superior solution (even if I don't quite understand why it works. Vim is amazing!)
I am trying to use vim properly - to aid me I've mapped my arrow keys to "" so that I am forced to use {hjlk} to move around.
This is causing me a problem when I want to just surround a character with spaces, eg:
"2+3" is better formatted "2 + 3"
Previously I would have put my cursor over the + and typed:
i[space][arrow-right][space][Esc]
That's 5 presses.
To do this without the arrow I seem to need to put the cursor over the + and go:
i[space][Esc]lli[space][Esc]
That's 8 presses.
I can convert the "li" into an "a" which reduces it to 7 presses:
i[space][Esc]la[space][Esc]
Short of writing this into a macro is there a better way of doing it? Is there some magic vim command which will allow me to do it in less than even 5 presses - and some way to generalise it so that I can do it to entire words or symbols, eg if I want to convert 3==4 to 3 == 4?
Personally, I think it makes most sense to destroy what you want to surround, and then repaste it.
c w "" ESC P
Obviously, you can replace both the object and the quotes with whatever you like. To change just one character + to be [space]+[space], you would do
s [space] [space] ESC P
on the +
The first thing that jumps to mind after reading just the title is surround.vim which is an excellent script to do all kinds of useful things along the lines of what you've described.
To solve your specific problem, I would probably position the cursor on the + and:
s[space]+[space][esc]
To change 3==4 into 3 == 4, I might position the cursor on the first =, and:
i[space][esc]ww.
i have been wondering about this as well. i tried with surround.vim, but the naive approach
S<space>
(after making a visual selection) does not work since the space is already taken up as a modifier for adding space to other surrounding character pairs. S<space><cr> adds a ^M in the output. Ss almost works but inserts a space only before.
after asking at tpope/surround.vim on github:
S<space><space>
in visual mode works. alternatively, from normal mode, ysl<space><space> works for a single character
Hah! I've been trying to figure out how to surround a block in spaces for quite a while and I finally found the right combination.
Using surround.vim you say surround selector space space.
So for this specific case I would use visual mode (a good trick for operating on single characters under the cursor BTW) thus: "vs " <- four key presses!
I also have a habit of typing things like argument lists without spaces. With this technique you can just navigate to the second argument using w and say "vws " to visually select a word and surround with spaces.
I prefer visual select mode generally. Also the alternate surround syntax "ysw " excludes the word final comma that is caught by "vw".
You could create a macro with one of the described actions and call it everytime you need it (Like amphetamachine proposed while I was writing) or you could simply search & replace:
:%s/\(\d\)\(+\|-\)\(\d\)/\1 \2 \3/g
You probably have to execute this command two times because it will only find every second occurence of +/-.
EDIT:
This will replace everything without the need to be called twice:
:%s/\d\#<=+\|-\d\#=/ \0 /g
Try positioning your cursor over the '+' and typing this:
q1i[space][right arrow][space][left arrow][esc]q
This will record a quick macro in slot 1 that you can re-use whenever you feel like it, that will surround the character under the cursor with spaces. You can re-call it with #1.
There is also the more versatile one:
q1ea[space][esc]bi[space][right arrow][esc]q
Which will surround the word under the cursor ("==" counts as a word) with spaces when you hit #1.
You could set up a mapping like this (press enter in visual mode to wrap spaces):
:vnoremap <CR> <ESC>`<i<SPACE><ESC>`>la<SPACE><ESC>h
This method allows you to use . to repeat the command at the next +.
Put your cursor over the + and type:
s[SPACE][CTRL-R]"[SPACE][ESC]
I know this is and old thread, but this might be useful to someone. I've found that the map (map it to anything else you want!)
noremap <leader>ss diwi<SPACE><C-R>"<SPACE><ESC>B
works ok both for turning 'a+b' into 'a + b' (when used over the '+' char) and for turning 'a==b' into 'a == b' (when used over either the first or the second '=' sign).
I hope it's useful to someone.