I'm using (mac)vim with tex-suite and would like to have a single regex command (or any other way) to do the following thing:
Change
\textcolor{green}{some random text}
into
some random text
This should be done for all occurrences of \textcolor{green}{} in my tex file...
Any idea?
EDIT: I need it to recognize matching braces. Here an example :
\textcolor{green}{
with $v_\text{F}\sim10^6$m.s$^{-1}$ the massless Dirac fermions
velocity in pristine graphene}.
In my experience, things like this most often crop up during editing, and you might have the search for \textcolor{green}{ already highlighted.
In such a scenario, :global is usually my weapon of choice:
:g//norm d%diBvaBp
diBvaBp: diB (delete inner block), vaB (select block), p (put)
If you have surround.vim installed (recommend it!) you could remove the pair of braces simply doing dsB (delete surrounding {})
:g//norm d%dsB
Of course, you can combine it like
:g/\\textcolor{green}{/norm d%dsB
I just noted a potential issue when the target patterns don't start at the beginning of a line. The simplest way to get around that is
:g//norm nNd%diBvaBp
A more involved way (possibly less efficient) would be using a macro:
/\\textcolor{green}{
gg
qqd%diBvaBpnq
Followed by something like 100#q to repeat the macro
:%s,\\textcolor{green}{\([^}]\+\)},\1,g
Updated as per your updated question:
:%s,\\textcolor{green},\r-HUUHAA-&,g
:g/\\textcolor{green}/normal 0f\df}lvi{xhP$xx
:%s/\n-HUUHAA-//
Quick explanation of how it works:
Put all \textcolor{green} lines onto a line of their own, with 'special' marker -HUUHAA-
Use visual selection vi{ to select everything in between the {}, paste it outside and delete the now empty {}.
Delete leftover stuff including the marker.
Related
I have a tedious task of converting chords from leadsheets into an inline format.
The format I have
G A
Never gonna give you up
F#m Bm
Never gonna let you down
G A F# Bm
Never gonna run around and desert you
And the format I need would b
Never gonna g[G]ive you [A]up
Never gonna l[F#m]et you do[Bm]wn
Never gonna r[G]un a[A]round and d[F#]esert [Bm]you
The problem with a script in Ruby or Python is, that the format isn't very consistent. So there could be newlines, weird characters, sometimes the chords are seperated with a dash... I haven't looked through all of the files, but I suspect more malformed stuff.
So I thought, if I have to go through of every leadsheet by hand, at least I can save some time using vim. This is the mapping I've come up with so far:
nmap <C-X> viWc[]<ESC>PviWx<down>p
Select the chord: viW
delete it and go into insert mode: c
add brackets
exit insert mode: <ESC>
paste the register to the left: P
select the chord again, including the brackets: viW
delete the selection: x
move cursor down, and paste it: p
But I few things I can't figure out is:
Sometimes the chords already have brackets, then I don't want to surround them with more brackets. Any idea how to only add brackets, if the chord isn't already surrounded with them?
It would be cool to do this with whole lines of chords. Sometimes there are multiple chords on the same line, and selecting them one by one is tedious. Any idea on how to operate the mapping above on a whole line?
well point 1 could be solved by adding the brackets around the chords on every second line:
:g/^/s/\[\=\zs[a-zA-Z#]\+\ze]\=/\[\0\]/g|+t+|-d
Credits: https://vi.stackexchange.com/questions/34785/search-and-replace-on-odd-even-numbered-lines-using-g
This however sucks, because it moves arround the chords, so we have to remove all brackets first and replace them with space
:%s/\[\([a-zA-Z#]\+\)\]/\1 /g
Then we can do the first line again, but remove some space too. Since there are no brackets left, it gets simpler (Note we use other brackets to get ride of some side effect the following code has):
:g/^/s/\([a-zA-Z#]\+\) \{0,3\}/\{\1\} /g|+t+|-d
Also we add a trailing whitespace at the end of the line so that the df} command will not move the cursor to a wrong place
Now that we have curly brackets everywhere, we can use reverse search with ?{ and then create a macro that jumps from results to result and moves it down, replaces the curly brackets with normal brackets and then calls itself (recursive macro):
gg0
qqq
?{<CR>
qq
df}jPr]F{r[n#qq
#q
And nearly all should be done.
The result:
Never gonna g[G]ive you [A]up
Never gonna l[F#m]et you dow[Bm]n
Never gonna r[G]un a[A]round and d[F#]esert [Bm]you
Note, we have to search backwards (? instead of /) so we can delete the chords directly.
If you have problems understanding what I did, feel free to ask.
I want to delete the following codes in my config file:
server {
listen 80;
server_name xxx;
location / {
try_files xx;
}
}
I know I can use 7dd, but this is not handy enough- if the section is too long, counting the rows would be inconvenient.
Is there a better way to do this?
Sometimes, I have to delete a whole function, any ideas for that?
As in common in Vim, there are a bunch of ways!
Note that the first two solutions depend on an absence of blank lines within the block.
If your cursor is on the server line, try d}. It will delete everything to the next block.
Within the entry itself, dap will delete the 'paragraph'.
You can delete a curly brack block with da}. (If you like this syntax, I recommend Tim Pope's fantastic surround.vim, which adds more features with a similar feel).
You could also try using regular expressions to delete until the next far left-indented closing curly brace: d/^}Enter
]] and [[ move to the next/previous first-column curly brace (equivalent to using / and ? with that regex I mentioned above. Combine with the d motion, and you acheive the same effect.
If you're below a block, you can also make use of the handy 'offset' feature of a Vim search. d?^{?-1 will delete backwards to one line before the first occurrence of a first-column opening curly brace. This command's a bit tricky to type. Maybe you could make a <leader> shortcut out of it.
Note that much of this answer is taken from previous answer I gave on a similar topic.
If there is a blank line immediately after these lines, Vim will identify it as a paragraph, so you can simply use d} to delete it (assuming the cursor is on the first line).
Try using visual mode with %.
For example, say your cursor is at the beginning of the "server" line.
Press v to go into visual mode. Press % to highlight to the end of the block. Press d to delete it.
As David said their are many ways. Here are a few that I like:
Vf{%d This assumes you are on the line w/ server and you do a visual line selection, find the { and then find the matching } via the % command.
set relativenumber or set rnu for short. This turns on line numbering relative to your cursor. So you do not have to count the lines just look and 7dd away to deleting your block.
Use VaB to visually select a block i.e. { to }, line-wise. While still in visual mode continue doing aB until the proper block is selected then execute d. This means you can select a block from inside the block instead of at the start or end.
d} will delete a paragraph. This works in your current scenario because there is no blank line inside the block. If there is one then all bets are off. Although you can continue pressing . until the block is properly deleted.
If inside a block you can jump to the current block via [{ then continue executing [{ until you are at the correct block then V%d or d%dd to delete the block
Using the techniques above you can delete a function as well, but you can also use the [M and friends ([m, ]m, ]M) to jump to the start and endings of methods but they commonly work for functions as well.
For more information
:h %
:h 'rnu'
:h aB
:h }
:h .
:h [{
:h [m
Given matching parens, or braces, you can use % with d to delete, spanning lines.
So, assuming that you're on the server { line, you can do d%. This is generally useful for all code blocks, e.g. function blocks, loop blocks, try blocks.
Similarly, dip works, but d} is shorter. However, both will only delete to the next empty line.
I want to copy the parameters foo(bar).baz in the following code:
function(foo(bar).baz)
First attempt: Cursor on one of the parentheses, then y%. This gives me the parameters plus a bit extra:
(foo(bar).baz)
Second attempt: Cursor on opening parenthesis. Set a mark ma, jump to end with
% then y`a to copy back to the mark. This gives me:
(foo(bar).baz
Setting a mark at the end and going the other way gives me exactly the same. Setting a
mark on the f, then typing mah%y`a does give me the foo(bar).baz that I want, but maybe there's something more concise. Is there?
Use text objects:
yi( (or ya( if you want to include the parenthesis).
You can also use " to work inside quotes, etc. See the link for details, or type :help text-objects in Vim.
A slightly shorter alternative to yi( is yib. Similarly yiB is equivalent to yi{ - yanks the contents inside braces.
Personally I usually do vib (visual select the text inside braces) first to make sure that the expected text is selected, followed by a y.
For more text object goodness, see :help text-objects.
Following should do it
Yank Inner Block
yi(
For example if I have some code like:
foo = bar("abc", "def", true, callback);
Is there a nice command to move true to the 1st or 2nd position leaving the commas intact?
P.S as a bonus my friend want to know if this works in Emacs too.
In Vim if you place the cursor at the start of the first word and do dWWP then it will have the desired effect. Here is a breakdown:
dW delete the current word, including the comma and the following whitespace
W move to the start of the next word
P insert the deleted text before the cursor
This will work if there are further parameters after the pair to be swapped - it will need to be modified if there are only two parameters or you want to swap the last two parameters, since it will paste the text after the closing bracket.
Alternatively you could use a regex substitution:
:%s/(\([^,]\+\),\s*\([^,)]\+\)/(\2, \1/
This will find the first two arguments after the open bracket and swap them.
update:
A search of vim.org found the swap parameters plugin, which should do exactly what you want and can handle situations that either of the above methods cannot.
I don't know the answer for vi, but in Emacs, transpose-sexps (C-M-t) will swap two arguments either side of the cursor. Actually transpose-words (M-t) was my first guess, but that leaves the quotes behind.
You need a transpose emacs command. But its limited to not guessing that its transposing in lists, it only considers text (it can't guess the 1st, 2nd word of list). Try this.
Keep your cursor at after comma of true. Use M-x transpose-words. By default it will transpose with next word from the point. Shortcut is M-t.
You can use C-u 2 M-t for transpose with next second word.
Now coming to your question. If you want to move true, to backward 1 word, use C-u -1 M-t, and for backward 2 words C-u -2 M-t.
Am not a VIM guy. So sorry bout that.
If you want to do this as a refactoring, not just as text manipulation, I'd suggest looking into Xrefactory, a refactoring tool for Emacsen (free for C/Java, commercial for C++).
Transposing previous (Ctrl-t p) and next (Ctrl-t n) argument ... add the
following into your .vimrc file:
map <C-t>p ?,\\|(<CR>wd/,\\|)<CR>?,\\|(<CR>"_dw?,\\|(<CR>a, <C-c>?,<CR>P/,<CR>w
map <C-t>n ?,\\|(<CR>wv/,<CR>d"_dw/\\,\\|)<CR>i, <C-r>"<C-c>?,<CR>?,\\|(<CR>w
Say I have the following style of lines in a text file:
"12" "34" "some text "
"56" "78" "some more text"
.
.
.
etc.
I want to be able to remove the quotes surrounding the first two columns. What is the best way to do this with Vim (I'm currently using gVim)?
I figured out how to at least delete the beginning quote of each line by using visual mode and then enter the command '<,'>s!^"!!
I'm wondering if there is a way to select an entire column of text (one character going straight down the file... or more than 1, but in this case I would only want one). If it is possible, then would you be able to apply the x command (delete the character) to the entire column.
There could be better ways to do it. I'm looking for any suggestions.
Update
Just and FYI, I combined a couple of the suggestions. My _vimrc file now has the following line in it:
let #q=':%s/"\([0-9]*\)"/\1/g^M'
(Note: THE ^M is CTRLQ + Enter to emulate pressing the Enter key after running the command)
Now I can use a macro via #q to remove all of the quotes from both number columns in the file.
use visual block commands:
start mode with Ctrl-v
specify a motion, e.g. G (to the end of the file),
or use up / down keys
for the selected block specify an action, e.g. 'd' for delete
For more see
:h visual-mode
Control-V is used for block select. That would let you select things in the same character column.
It seems like you want to remove the quotes around the numbers. For that use,
:%s/"\([0-9]*\)"/\1/g
Here is a list of what patterns you can do with vim.
There is one more (sort of ugly) form that will restrict to 4 replacements per line.
:%s/^\( *\)"\([ 0-9]*\)"\([ 0-9]*\)"\([ 0-9]*\)"/\1\2\3\4/g
And, if you have sed handy, you can try these from the shell too.
head -4 filename.txt | sed 's/pattern/replacement/g'
that will try your command on the first 4 lines of the file.
Say if you want to delete all columns but the first one, the simple and easy way is to input this in Vim:
:%!awk '{print $1}'
Or you want all columns but the first one, you can also do this:
:%!awk '{$1="";$0=$0;$1=$1;print}'
Indeed it requires external tool to accomplish the quest, but awk is installed in Linux and Mac by default, and I think folks with no UNIX-like system experience rarely use Vim in Windows, otherwise you probably known how to get a Windows version of awk.
Although this case was pretty simple to fix with a regex, if you want to do something even a bit more advanced I also recommend recording a macro like Bryan Ward. Also macros come easier to me than remembering which characters need to be escaped in vim's regexes. And macros are nice because you can see your changes take place immediately and work on your line transformation in smaller bits at a time.
So in your case you would have pressed qw to start recording a macro in register w (you can of course use any letter you want). I usually start my macros with a ^ to move to the start of the line so the macro doesn't rely on the location of the cursor. Then you could do a f" to jump to the first ", x to delete it, f" to jump to the next " and x to delete that too. Then q to finish recording.
Instead of making your macro end on the next line I actually as late as today figured out you can just V (visually line select) all lines you want to apply your macro to and execute :normal #w which applies your macro in register w to each visually selected line.
See column editing in vim. It describes column insert, but basically it should work in the same way for removing.
You could also create a macro (q) that deletes the quotes and then drops down to the next line. Then you can run it a bunch of times by telling vi how many times to execute it. So if you store the macro to say the letter m, then you can run 100#m and it will delete the quotes for 100 lines. For some more information on macros:
http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Macros
The other solutions are good. You can also try...
:1,$s/^"\(\w\+\)"/\1/gc
For more Vim regex help also see http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Search_patterns.
Start visual-block by Ctrl+v.
Jump at the end and select first two columns by pressing: G, EE.
Type: :s/\%V"//g which would result in the following command:
:'<,'>s/\%V"//g
Press Enter and this will remove all " occurrences in the selected block.
See: Applying substitutes to a visual block at Vim Wikia