Date status function to displays Overdue, Due Later and Due Soon - excel

Question

I am currently working on function in Excel that will display the status of an activity based on the due date provided.
This function would display:
"Overdue" if Today()> Due Date;
"Due Soon" If the Due date was within one week
"Due Later" if Today() < Due Date +7
Below is an example of what I was able to muster up:
Function Status_of_Date()
If Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Due_Date").Value < Date Then
Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Date_Status").Value = "Overdue" 'overdue
ElseIf Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Due_Date").Value < 7 + Date Then
Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Date_Status").Value = "Due Later" ' Due Soon
ElseIf Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Due_Date").Value > 7 + Date Then
Sheets("Issue_Log").Range("Date_Status").Value = "Due Later" ' Due Later
Else
End If
End Function

Answer 1

Codeless Solution
Add a column to your table, to count the days left - since anything negative is overdue anyway, make all negatives -1:
Use a table formula to calculate it:
=IF([#[Due Date]]-TODAY()<0,-1,[#[Due Date]]-TODAY())
Next, have another table to hold the status given a number of days:
Since you have 3 statuses, and they're really ranges of values, to achieve the values you're after you'll need:
A row with -1 for everything Overdue
A row with 0 for everything due Soon
A row with 7 for everything due Later
Now your "Date Status" column can be a simple VLOOKUP formula:
Again, a table formula is used; note the "approximate match" last parameter:
=VLOOKUP([#Days],tblStatusLookup,2,TRUE)
Adjust tblStatusLookup to whatever you've named your lookup table.
Look 'ma, not a single line of code!
Then you can hide the [Days] column if you don't need it shown, and the lookup table can be anywhere you want - and if the thresholds need to change, or if new statuses need to be added, you just tweak the lookup table (important: keep the [Days] sorted ascending, that's how approximate match VLOOKUP works!)
Bugs in OP
Your function needs to know what row to work with. That should be a parameter; change the signature to accept one - or even better, change it to accept a DueDate parameter - then you simply don't need to care about anything other than the date you're given:
Public Function GetDateStatus(ByVal dueDate As Date) As String
If dueDate - Date < 0 Then
GetDateStatus = "Overdue"
ElseIf dueDate - Date < 7 Then
GetDateStatus = "Due Soon"
Else
GetDateStatus = "Due Later"
End If
End function
And then in your table the formula would be:
=GetDateStatus(#[Due Date])
No need to be bothered with ranges and the nitty-gritty details of how and where every value is coming from - code gets much, much simpler when you work at the right abstraction level!
Note that a worksheet function is not allowed to change other cells' values: it calculates a value.